Smoothed particle hydrodynamics for cohesive grains Original Research Article

A rheology based on the Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion for cohesive materials is implemented in the framework of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH). We enhance the classical SPH approaches by using some conservative renormalization techniques and a new smoothing kernel which improves the stability of the code near discontinuities. We apply this approach to the simulation of broken-ice fields floating on the water surface and moving under the effect of wind forces. When broken-ice fields are regarded as a continuum, their rheological behavior can be described by a model known as viscous-plastic. The ice field is modeled as a viscous fluid for very small strain rates and is assumed to flow plastically otherwise. In the plastic regime the stress states are described in terms of the Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion.