Modeling of impact problems using an h-adaptive, explicit Lagrangian finite element method in three dimensions Original Research Article

An h-adaptive algorithm was developed to enhance modeling of 3D impact problems. The algorithm utilizes a recovery-based error indicator involving the root mean square error of the Green–Lagrange strain. This indicator proved effective for identifying refinements in the contact region, which lead to improved solution accuracy. The effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated for both a reverse Taylor impact test and a ballistic penetration problem. Both the algorithm and implementation issues are discussed herein.