Nonlinear electron-acoustic waves with vortex-like electron distribution and electron beam in a strongly magnetized plasma

The nonlinear properties of solitary waves structure in a strongly magnetized plasma consisting of cold electron fluid, hot electrons obeying trapped/vortex-like distribution, warm electron beam, and stationary ions, are investigated. Applying a reductive perturbation theory (RPT), a nonlinear modified Korteweg–de Vries (mKdV) equation and a linear inhomogeneous mKdV-type equation are derived. The stationary solutions of these coupled equations are obtained using a renormalization method. However, both of the mKdV- and mKdV-type solutions present a positive potential, that corresponds to a hole (hump) in the cold (hot) electron number density. The dependence of the wave amplitude, width and velocity on the system parameters is investigated. The application of our results in interpreting the salient features of the broadband electrostatic noise (BEN) in the dayside auroral zone of the Earth’s magnetosphere is discussed.