Switching and self-trapping effects on three coupled Bose–Einstein condensate solitons

The dynamics of three coupled Bose–Einstein condensate solitons are investigated by the variational approach in finite potentials, and the switching and self-trapping effects on the three Bose–Einstein condensate solitons are studied. The stability issue is discussed by performing a standard linear stability analysis for the stationary states, and the dynamic mechanism is demonstrated by performing a coordinate of a classical particle moving in an effective potential field. The critical behavior of the three Bose–Einstein condensate solitons is analyzed, and confirmed by the evolution of the atom population transferring ratio versus time.