Identification of a Topoisomerase I Mutant, scsA1, as an Extragenic Suppressor of a Mutation in scaANBS1, the Apparent Homolog of Human Nibrin in Aspergillus nidulans

The Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 protein complex has emerged as a central player in the human cellular DNA damage response, and recent observations suggest that these proteins are at least partially responsible for the linking of DNA damage detection to DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint functions. Mutations in scaANBS1, which encodes the apparent homolog of human nibrin in Aspergillus nidulans, inhibit growth in the presence of the antitopoisomerase I drug camptothecin. This article describes the selection and characterization of extragenic suppressors of the scaA1 mutation, with the aim of identifying other proteins that interfere with the pathway or complex in which the ScaA would normally be involved. Fifteen extragenic suppressors of the scaA1 mutation were isolated. The topoisomerase I gene can complement one of these suppressors. Synergistic interaction between the scaANBS1 and scsATOP1 genes in the presence of DNA-damaging agents was observed. Overexpression of topoisomerase I in the scaA1 mutant causes increased sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents. The scsATOP1 and the scaANBS1 gene products could functionally interact in pathways that either monitor or repair DNA double-strand breaks.