Analytical and numerical simulation of satellite image from space

In this paper, an analytical and numerical formulation for observed satellite radiances from space is provided, allowing for the radiation effect due to the adjacent rugged terrain. Up to now the atmospheric effect on the satellite images has been dealt with in the case of flat terrain. In this present paper, an allowance for the multiple reflection of light by the adjacent mountainous terrain has been taken into account approximately using the mean background albedo. Then, the validity of the numerical approximate solution is discussed for several cases of typical surface reflection examples, with respect to the atmospheric and topographic correction problem.