Change of economic structure—Capital, knowledge, population and pollution

This paper proposes a nonlinear dynamic economic model with endogenous technological change, population, capital accumulation and pollutant accumulation. The system consists of two, industrial and environmental, sectors. The industrial sector produces goods with knowledge, labor, and capital as inputs under perfect competitive conditions, subject to the governmentʹs tax policy. The tax income is used by the environmental sector to employ labor and capital. We examine the effects of the environmental policy, knowledge accumulation efficiency and preference change on the environment. We show that the simple system has multiple equilibria and may exhibit permanent oscillations.