Finite difference reaction–diffusion systems with coupled boundary conditions and time delays

This paper is concerned with finite difference solutions of a coupled system of reaction– diffusion equations with nonlinear boundary conditions and time delays. The system is coupled through the reaction functions as well as the boundary conditions, and the time delays may appear in both the reaction functions and the boundary functions. The reaction– diffusion system is discretized by the finite difference method, and the investigation is devoted to the finite difference equations for both the time-dependent problem and its corresponding steady-state problem. This investigation includes the existence and uniqueness of a finite difference solution for nonquasimonotone functions, monotone convergence of the time-dependent solution to a maximal or a minimal steady-state solution for quasimonotone functions, and local and global attractors of the time-dependent system, including the convergence of the time-dependent solution to a unique steady-state solution. Also discussed are some computational algorithms for numerical solutions of the steady-state problem when the reaction function and the boundary function are quasimonotone. All the results for the coupled reaction–diffusion equations are directly applicable to systems of parabolic–ordinary equations and to reaction–diffusion systems without time delays.  2002 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved