Existence of turbulent behavior for non-chaotic two dimensional jets ✩

The classic models of mass transfer for free turbulent jets very often contain neglected terms. This is because these terms are considered so small that their effect can be neglected; however, because the models are usually structurally unstable, these neglected terms, even if they are small, may change the behavior of the system. Furthermore, the existing classic models cannot simulate the far behavior of the fluid, for example, the eddies existing in the jet region of the fluid stream. In this paper, we consider a general implicit small perturbation of the classic model and study the effect of it on the system. We will show that the local bifurcations may imply the existence of eddies for the fluid stream; for example, we will see that, under some conditions, the Hopf bifurcation generates permanent eddies for the system.  2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.