Author/Authors :
Hemmat، Yekta نويسنده Dept. Of Mechanics engineering of Agricultural Machinery, Shiraz University , , Ghobadian، Barat نويسنده Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, I.R. IRAN , , Loghavi، Mohammad نويسنده Dept. Of Mechanics engineering of Agricultural Machinery, Shiraz University , , Kamgar ، Saadat نويسنده Dept. Of Mechanics engineering of Agricultural Machinery, Shiraz University , , Fayyazi، Ebrahim نويسنده Deptartment of Mechanics of Agricultural Machinary, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-111, Tehran 14114, Iran ,
Abstract :
ABSTRACT: In agricultural parts, the main consumers of fuel are diesel engines and agricultural machinery. Between agricultural Machineries Tractors and combines are the greatest consumers of diesel fuel. Bio-diesel is an alternative to petroleum-based fuels derived from vegetable oils, animal fats, and used waste cooking oil including triglycerides. Using low-cost feedstocks such as rendered animal fats in biodiesel production will cause biodiesel expenditures to be reduced. The aim of this study was to obtain a new and environmentally friendly process for developing biodiesel production technology from waste animal fats, as an inedible and inexpensive feedstock (as low cost sustainable potential feed stock for biodiesel production). Their main characteristic was high free fatty acid content. This is based on a study of the amounts of residual fat that is possible to recover from local animal butchery (Slaughterhouse). Waste animal fat is considered a promising cheap alternative feedstock for biodiesel production that does not compete with food stock. In addition, using waste animal fat as a feedstock is considered a waste management process.The data resulted from gas chromatography (GC) revealed these percentages for fatty acid compositions: myristic acid (3%), palmitic acid (27%), stearic acid (0.19%), oleic acid (59%), linoleic acid (3%) and gadoleic acid (5.5%). Animal fats were transesterified with acid catalyst and basic catalyst with and without pre-esterification. Pre-treatment was effective for fats with different FFA content. Alkali transesterification of esterified fats resulted in a product with 98 wt. % ester content. Biodiesel quality was evaluated and most of properties were well within EN 14214.
