Title of article
TheEPR:AclearstepforwardindosereductionandradiationprotectionOriginalResearchArticle
Author/Authors
E.Baumann، نويسنده , , I.R.Terry، نويسنده ,
Issue Information
روزنامه با شماره پیاپی سال 2006
Pages
8
From page
1720
To page
1727
Abstract
FortheEuropeanPressurizedWaterReactor(EPR)alargeeffortwasmadetoimprovetheplantdesignwithrespecttoradiationprotectionusingtheexperiencegainedduringthedesignofformergenerationsofpressurizedwaterreactor(PWR)inFranceandGermany,andtheircurrentoperation.KeepingtheradiationexposureofpersonneltoanacceptablelevelisoneofthemainobjectivesoftheEPRdesign.Boththeindividualandthecollectivedosesareconsidered.
InternationallycomparablelimitsbasedonrecommendationsoftheInternationalCommissiononRadiologicalProtection(ICRP)havebeenestablishedforindividualdoses.Theselimitsdescribetheframeworkwithinwhichtheindividualdoseshallbekeptaslowaspossible,applyingtheprinciples:
•
Justification:Nopracticeinvolvingexposurestoradiationshouldbeadoptedunlessitproducessufficientbenefittotheexposedindividualsortosocietytooffsettheradiationdetrimentitcauses.
•
Optimization:Inrelationtoanyparticularsourcewithinapractice,themagnitudeofindividualdoses,thenumberofpeopleexposed,andthelikelihoodofincurringexposureswherethesearenotcertaintobereceivedshouldallbekeptaslowasreasonablyachievable(ALARA),economicandsocialfactorsbeingtakenintoaccount.
•
Limitation:Theexposureofindividualsresultingfromthecombinationofalltherelevantpracticesissubjecttodoselimits.
Thepaperdescribesthedesignprovisionandmeasuresintroducedintheplantdesigntoachievetheabovedescribedgoals.
Theyareinessence:
•
measurestoavoidortoreducesourcesofradiation;
•
layoutaspects;
•
provisionsmadeinthecomponentdesignwithrespecttoeaseofoperationandmaintenancemanagement;
•
improvedpossibilitiesofdecontamination;
•
useofoperatingexperiencefordesignimprovements.
TheradiationprotectionlayoutprinciplescompiledonthebasisofsafeoperatingexperiencegainedfromtheexistingpressurizedwaterreactorsinFranceandGermanyareusedtodevelopanimprovedplantdesignwithrespecttoradiationprotectionaspectsanddoseoptimization.
Summary:TheEuropeanPressurizedWaterReactorisanevolutionarythird-generationpressurizedwaterreactorwitharatinginthe1600MWeclass.Itsdevelopmentwasstartedin1992byFramatomeandSiemens,whosenuclearactivitieswerecombinedinJanuary2001toformFramatomeANP,nowAREVANP.BeingtheproductofintensebilateralcooperationtheEPRcombinesthetechnologicalaccomplishmentsoftheworldʹstwoleadingPWRproductlines—theFrenchN4reactorsinoperationatChoozandCiveauxandtheKonvoireactorsinoperationatNeckarwestheim,EmslandandIsarinGermany.Fromtheverystart,developmentoftheEPRwasfocusedonimprovingplantsafetyandeconomicsevenfurtherandalsoalargeeffortwasmadetoimprovetheplantdesignwithrespecttoradiationprotection.KeepingthedosesreceivedbyoperatingandmaintenancepersonneltoalevelfarbelowthelimitingvalueswasoneofthemainobjectivesoftheEPRdesign.Boththeindividualandthecollectivedosesareconsideredinthisarticle.
Journal title
Nuclear Engineering and Design Eslah
Serial Year
2006
Journal title
Nuclear Engineering and Design Eslah
Record number
941292
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