Factors and Grounds of Formation of Hillah Literary Movement and its Effects and Results

ABSTRACT: Mazyadids was a Shiite tribe in Forat Al-Awsat (Middle Euphrates), which rose to power in mid-1000’s (late 4thHijri century) with approval and support fromBuwayhids (932–1055). As politicians who were either literary men or literature lovers, in addition to their military activities to stabilize foundations of their rule, they also gave priority to cultural measures in their policies, allowing poets and literary men in their court. As they favored and cared the poem and literature, their court was frequented by poets and literary men. So, after Sayf al-Dawla (1086-1107) rose to power, a famous Emir in this dynasty, and foundation of city of Hillah by him, this city soon became a scientific-literary centers of the time, and attracted such famous poets as MahyarDeylami, IbnHabariah, etc., and nurtured prominent literary men, and rhetoricians. Among fruitful results of this literary movement was formation Shiite literary movement, founded by Banu Al-Mazyad, which gave birth to such poets as Ibn Al-AwdiNili, IbHamdunKateb, and its fruitful results appeared in next period. Simultaneously with scientific boom of Hillah, and presence of scholars and jurists in this city, Shiite literature also received attention. In this period, poets emerged, whose poems did not eulogize rulers and powers, and rather, they were most typically characterized by defense of Ahl al-Bayt (family of Prophet Muhammad), and commemoration of their virtues and merits, and expression of Shiite beliefs in form of poetry. This paper aims fist to study grounds and factors behind formation of Hillah literary movement using a historical method and on the basis of available reference and researches, and then to analyze its results and results.