The Evaluation of Genetic Diversity and Traits Correlation in Third Novel Synthetic Primary TritipyrumAmphiploid in Comparison With First Synthetic Modern Triticale and Only Natural Wheat Amphiploid

ABSTRACT: Genetic diversity is the base of most breeding programs particularly due to use of heterosis. In this study for the first time the genetic diversity and correlation between morphological and agronomical traits in two synthetic amphiploids including primary tritipyrum (18 lines), modern triticale (five lines) and natural wheat amphiploid (10 Iranian bread wheat cultivars), in a randomized completely block designs (RCBD) with four replications were evaluated from 2006 to 2010.Results showed that there was a positive significant correlation between grain length and ripening date (r=0.602**), grain per side florets and side florets per spike (r=0.633**), internode distance and flag leaf sheath length (r=0.690**), main leaf length and flag leaf length (r=0.648**), main leaf width with grain per side florets (r=0.716**), main leaf width with internode distance (r=0.605**).Results also indicated that there was a negative significant correlation between spike length with flag leaf width (r=-0.508**), own length of main spike with pollination time (r=-0.567**), spike plant-1 with grain per side florets (r=-0.564**). The factor analysis results showed that 8 factors covered 96.5% of phenotype variation. The cluster analysis based on UPGMA method was able to distinguish all lines and cultivars in 6 groups. There was a high genetic distance between wheat (Morvarid and M757 cultivars in cluster 3 and cluster 6, respectively) and tritipyrum (La (4B/4D)/b line in cluster 5) which shows there is a high possibility to improve the primary tritipyrum lines with A, B and D genomes of wheat via wide hybridization between wheat and tritipyrum to produce new potential secondary salt tolerant introgression genotypes (NPSSTIG).