Five-Year Status of Malaria (a Disease Causing Anemia) in Yazd, 2008-2012

Abstract Background Yazd province which is the host of local and foreign immigrants may be faced with contacting malaria. Plasmodium falciparum malaria remains a major cause of mortality throughout in the tropical regions of the world. Pthophysiologic mechanisms of anemia in malaria is such as direct invasion of Red cells, anemia of chronic disease hypersplenism, Hemophagocytic syndrome and erythrophagocytosis, dyserythropoirsis, immune haemolysis and cytokine deregulation anemia of chronic disorder is characterized by moderate to mild normocytic, normochromic anemia along with microcytic hypochromic cells. Malaria occurs predominantly in children in the first three years of life. The purpose of this study was Demographic study of malaria during 2008 to 2012 in Yazd. Materials and Methods This study was an analytic-descriptive and manner descriptive study. All episodes (Imported Malaria) of disease from 2008 to 2012 which were documented in Yazd Central Health Service were carefully studied and reported. Results A total of 206 confirmed reported malaria patients from 2008 to 2012 were studied; Plasmodium (P). vivax species was mostly, 187(90.78%) and Plasmodium (P). Malaria species was Lesley, 1(0.49%). The mean age groups, accommodation with local malaria and years of reported outbreaks of different strains of the parasite conducted by Fisher exact Test, showed no significant difference(P-value > 0.05), but the mean of foreigner immigrants of outbreaks of different strains of the parasite conducted by Fisher exact Test, showed significant difference (P-value= 0.01). Conclusion Although malaria has been designed on elimination program in Iran, but in the province of Yazd is reported imported malaria and its importance in causing anemia and other blood disorders is not negligible. Keywords