Phase structure of a generalized Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model with Wilson fermions in the mean-field or large-N expansion

We analyze the vacuum structure of a generalized lattice Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model with two flavors of Wilson fermions, such that its continuum action is the most general four-fermion action with “trivial” color interactions, and having a image symmetry in the chiral limit. The phase structure of this model in the space of the two four-fermion couplings shows, in addition to the standard Aoki phases, new phases with image, in close analogy to similar results recently suggested by some of us for lattice QCD with two degenerate Wilson fermions. This result shows how the phase structure of an effective model for low-energy QCD cannot be entirely understood from Wilson Chiral Perturbation Theory, based on the standard QCD chiral effective Lagrangian approach.