Conformation of cyclic and linear (1 → 2)-β-d-glucans in aqueous solution

The conformations of cyclic (1 → 2)-β-d-glucan chains having degree of polymerization (dp) 17 to 24 were characterized by means of small-angle X-ray scattering and Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicate that cyclic (1 → 2)-β-d-glucan chains adopt the shape of a doughnut-like ring with a thickness of about 10 Å for all the samples. The diameter of the annulus for the cyclic glucan having dp 21 is estimated to be only about 4–5 Å. Two linear (1 → 2)-β-d-glucans possessing dp 19 and 21 prepared by acid hydrolysis of a cyclic glucan and subsequent fractionation showed different scattering profiles from those obtained for cyclic glucans having the corresponding dp. Although the Monte Carlo simulation does not completely reproduce the scattering profiles observed by small-angle X-ray scattering, linear (1 → 2)-β-d-glucans seem to possess a characteristic cylindrical shape with cross-sectional diameters of 11.8 and 13.2 Å for linear glucans of dp 19 and 21, respectively.