Surface analysis of carbon black waste materials from tire residues

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy XPS.has been used to obtain surface chemical state information on two carbon black waste materials in terms of the surface element distributionrconcentration and chemical structure. Small amounts of sulfur in the form of CS2 were detected on the surface less than 1.7 mass %.. C–HrC–C was the major carbon functional component on the surface of carbon black samples but other functional forms of carbon were also present such as C5O and C–O. The surface of the carbon black obtained from a hydropyrolysis process was highly oxidized primarily in the form of carbon based oxygen groups. On the other hand, surface oxygen atoms on the surface of the carbon black obtained from a pyrolysis process in the absence of H2 were in the form of both metal oxides and carbon based oxygen groups. q1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.