عنوان :
ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭘﺪﯾﺪه ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﮔﺮاﯾﯽ ﯾﻮﺗﺮﯾﻮﻓﯿﮑﺎﺳﯿﻮن و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب اﯾﺮان در درﯾﺎﭼﻪ ﺳﺪ آزاد ﺳﻨﻨﺪج ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺷﯿﻼﺗﯽ
شرح پديد آور/مجري (مجريان) طرح :
آﺳﯿﻪ ﻣﺨﻠﻮق
شناسه هاي افزوده :
نصراله زاده ساروي،حسن ، همكارطرح , فضلي، حسن ، همكارطرح , افرائي بندپي، محمد علي ، همكارطرح , كيهان ثاني، عليرضا ، همكارطرح , تهامي، فاطمه سادات ، همكارطرح , خداپرست، نوربخش ، همكارطرح , واحدي، فريبا ، همكارطرح , نصراله تبار آهنگر، عبداله ، همكارطرح , تقوي رستمي، محمد جواد ، همكارطرح , روشن طبري، مژگان ، همكارطرح , يعقوب زاده، زهرا ، همكارطرح , يونسي پور،حوريه ، همكارطرح , احمد نژاد، احد ، همكارطرح , داودي، ايوب ، همكارطرح , موسوي، ليلا ، همكارطرح , رزمجوپور، نيلوفر ، همكارطرح , استوي، عبداله ، همكارطرح , ايرانپورسراواني، سيامك ، همكارطرح
تنالگان :
ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﯾﺞﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﯿﻼﺗﯽ ﮐﺸﻮر - ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ذﺧﺎﯾﺮ آﺑﺰﯾﺎن آﺑﻬﺎي داﺧﻠﯽ
چكيده فارسي :
ﺳﺪ ﻣﺨﺰﻧﯽ آزاد در ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺳﻨﻨﺪج(اﺳﺘﺎن ﮐﺮدﺳﺘﺎن) در روي رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﮐﻮﻣﺎﺳﯽ واﻗﻊ ﺷﺪه و از ﺳﺎل 1392 ﺑﺎ اﻫﺪاف ﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﺮق و ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي ﮐﺸﺎورزي و آب ﺷﺮب ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﻨﻨﺪج ﻣﻮرد ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﺳﺖ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ در ﻧﻈﺮ دارد ﮐﻪ ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات زﻣﺎﻧﯽ و ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب و ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﺮوﻓﯿﮏ، ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞ ﺳﺪ را ﺟﻬﺖ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﺷﯿﻼﺗﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار دﻫﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺑﺮداري در ﺳﺎل 1394-95، ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﺎﻫﺎﻧﻪ، در 5 اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻄﻮرﯾﮑﻪ در ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ درﯾﺎﭼﻪاي، رودﺧﺎﻧﻪاي و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺘﺮﺗﯿﺐ اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي 1 و3 ، 2 و 4و5 ﻗﺮار داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺑﺮداري در ﺗﻤﺎم اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎ در ﻻﯾﻪ ﺳﻄﺤﯽ 20ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯿﻤﺘﺮ زﯾﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ آب اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. اﻣﺎ در اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه 1 ﺗﺎ 3 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺑﺮداري ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻋﻤﻖ آب در ﻻﯾﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ از ﺳﺘﻮن آب ﻧﯿﺰ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪﮔﺮاﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ دو روش ﺗﮏ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮي و ﭼﻨﺪ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮي ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮐﺎرﻟﺴﻮن( و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب ﺳﻄﺤﯽ اﯾﺮان IRWQISC ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ آﻣﺎري ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮن ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮏ ﻃﺮﻓﻪ، ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻫﺎي داﻧﮑﻦ، ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن، رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﺧﻄﯽ ﮔﺎم ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎم و ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي ﺻﻮرت ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ. ﻃﺒﻖ آزﻣﻮن ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺗﺮوﻓﯿﮏ و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب اﯾﺮان، اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﮐﻨﺎري(، 4 و 5 در ﮔﺮوه ﺟﺪاﮔﺎﻧﻪاي از اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي 2 ،1 و 3 )ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﺎز( ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. اﯾﻦ آزﻣﻮن ﻣﺎهﻫﺎ را ﺑﻪ دو ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻔﮑﯿﮏ ﻧﻤﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان زﯾﺎدي ﺑﺮ ﻣﺎهﻫﺎي ﺑﺎرﻧﺪﮔﯽ )آﺑﺎن، آذر، دي، ﺑﻬﻤﻦ، اﺳﻔﻨﺪ، ﻓﺮوردﯾﻦ و اردﯾﺒﻬﺸﺖ( و ﻏﯿﺮﺑﺎرﻧﺪﮔﯽ )ﺧﺮداد، ﺗﯿﺮ، ﻣﺮداد، ﺷﻬﺮﯾﻮر و ﻣﻬﺮ( ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﺑﻮد. در ﻣﺎهﻫﺎي ﻏﯿﺮﺑﺎرﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي درﺟﻪ ﺣﺮارت و ﻋﻤﻖ ﺷﻔﺎﻓﯿﺖ ﺑﺘﺮﺗﯿﺐ 21/79±0/80 درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯿﮕﺮاد وﻏﯿﺮﺑﺎرﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي درﺟﻪ ﺣﺮارت و ﻋﻤﻖ ﺷﻔﺎﻓﯿﺖ ﺑﺘﺮﺗﯿﺐ 21/79±0/80 درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯿﮕﺮاد( و 2/40±0/18 )ﻣﺘﺮ ﺣﺪوداً دو ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﻣﺎهﻫﺎي ﺑﺎرﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﻮد. در ﻣﺎهﻫﺎي ﺑﺎرﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ-آ )8/56±1/08 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم در ﻣﺘﺮﻣﮑﻌﺐ( ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒﺎً 9 ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻏﯿﺮ ﺑﺎرﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﺪﺳﺖآﻣﺪ. ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ درﺻﺪاﺷﺒﺎﻋﯿﺖ اﮐﺴﯿﮋن اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري در ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺎهﻫﺎي ﺑﺎرﻧﺪﮔﯽ )117±4( و ﻏﯿﺮﺑﺎرﻧﺪﮔﯽ 111±2 ﻧﺸﺎن ﻧﺪاد p<0/05 . ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪﮔﺮاﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﮏ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮي ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺨﺰن ﺳﺪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ-آ، ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﻣﺰوﺗﺮوف ﺑﻮد، در ﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎ )ﻓﺴﻔﺮ ﮐﻞ، ﺷﻔﺎﻓﯿﺖ و درﺻﺪ اﺷﺒﺎع اﮐﺴﯿﮋن در ﻻﯾﻪ ﻫﺎي زﯾﺮﯾﻦ(، ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﺮوﻓﯿﮏ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﻣﺰو ﺗﺮوف ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﺮوﻓﯿﮏ در ﻫﻤﻪ ﻓﺼﻮل ﺑﻬﺎر ﺗﺎ زﻣﺴﺘﺎن( در اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي رودﺧﺎﻧﻪاي ) 4 و 5( ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﺳﺎﯾﺮ اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻄﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ-ﮔﺮاﯾﯽ ﮐﻞ در ﻣﺨﺰن ﺳﺪ، ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﻣﺎهﻫﺎي اردﯾﺒﻬﺸﺖ )76 و ﻣﻬﺮ )31( ﺑﺪﺳﺖآﻣﺪ. ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﮐﻠﯽ TSI )49( ﻃﯽ ﻣﺎهﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﺰوﺗﺮوف در ﻣﺨﺰن ﺳﺪ ﺑﻮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در ﻣﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﺧﺮداد ﺗﺎ آﺑﺎن ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ-آ و در ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﻬﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻓﺴﻔﺮ ﮐﻞ راﻫﻨﻤﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﺮي ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺗﺮوﻓﯿﮏ، ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﮏ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮي ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ IRWQISC، ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒﺎً 40 ،59 و 1 درﺻﺪ از ﮐﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﮐﻼس ﻫﺎي 1 )ﺑﺴﯿﺎرﺧﻮب(، 2 )ﺧﻮب و 3 ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﺧﻮب ﻗﺮار داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ IRWQISC ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺧﻮب آب در ﻻﯾﻪ ﺳﻄﺤﯽ ﻫﻤﻪ اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎ 1 اﻟﯽ 5 ﺑﻮد. ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب در ﻣﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﺑﻬﻤﻦ،
چكيده انگليسي :
Azad dam is a storage dam, which is located in the city of Sanandaj (Kurdistan province) on the Komasi River. It was exploited in 2013. The dam was built for the purpose of supplying electricity, part of the agricultural needs and the drinking water of the city of Sanandaj. The aims of this study are determination of temporal and spatial variations of water quality and trophic states in the reservoir. Also the aquaculture potential of reservoir is investigating in this study. Monthly sampling was carried out in 5 stations in 2015-16. The stations 1 and 2 were located in lake zone. The station 3 in transitional zone and stations 4 and 5 placed in riverine zone. Sampling was
performed on the surface layer (20 cm under surface water) in all stations. Meanwhile water samples of the layers collected, based on the depth of sampling sites at station 1,2 and 3 as well. The trophic state determined by single and multiple parameters (Carlsson index) and water quality calculated according to Iran Surface Water
Quality Index (IRWQIsc). Statistical analysis was performed using parametric tests ANOVA, Duncan, Pearson correlation, stepwise linear regression and cluster analysis. The cluster test based on the parameters of the trophic and the water quality indices indicated that stations 4 and 5 were in the separate group of other stations
(1, 2 and 3). The cluster test separated the rainy months (November, December, January, February, March and April) from the dry months (June, July, August, September and October). In dry months, the mean of temperature and transparency parameters were 21.79 ± 0.87 ° C and 2.40 ± 0.18 m, respectively, which were
approximately twice of the rainy months. The mean of chlorophyll concentration (8.56 ± 0.81mg/m3) in rainy months, was 9 times higher than dry months. The maximum chlorophyll content were recorded in layers of 40 to 50 meters in both groups (rainy and dry months), The average oxygen content did not show any significant
difference between rainy (117 ± 4) and dry (111 ± 2) months. Generally the trophic state of reservoir was mesotroph based on the chlorophyll content and eutroph-hypertroph state based on other factors (total phosphorus, transparency and oxygen saturation in the lower layers). The trophic state was generally higher at
riverine stations (4 and 5) in all seasons. The highest and lowest total trophic state index were obtained, in April (76, Hypereotrophs) and October (31, Oligotroph). The overall mean of TSI (49) indicates to the mesotrophic status of the reservoir. Also, the study revealed that the most suitable guide for determining the trophic status,
using a single-parameter method.is the mean of chlorophyll-a in the months of May to November and the mean of total phosphorus in the other months.Calculating of IRWQIsc showed that approximately 59, 40 and 1 percent of the total data were in classes 1 (very good), 2 (good) and 3 (fairly good) respectively. The mean WQIIran
indicates a very good surface water quality of all stations (1 to 5). Water quality index indicated to good water quality in February, March and April, and very good in other months. The monthly IRWQIsc in lower layers of lake zone stations (1,2 and 3) showed very good quality in January, February, March and April, but it showed good quality in the other months. In conclusion, the water quality index values indicated to suitability of this lake for supplying drinking water and some fishery activities. However, due to the increased trophic level in some months, management of reservoir is serious and necessary in order to maintain and control the water quality of
dam especially during anthropogenic activity pick and natural event (turbulence of sediment and water column mixing).
كليدواژه :
سد مخزني , شاخص سطح تروفيك , شاخص كيفيت آب , سد آزاد , سنندج , ايران
اطلاعات نشر :
تهران ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﯿﻼﺗﯽ ﮐﺸﻮر
مشخصات ظاهري :
مصور، جدول، نمودار
فروست :
ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﯿﻼﺗﯽ ﮐﺸﻮر 59065
