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Production of Rosmarinic Acid in Echium amoenum Fisch. and C.A. Mey. Cell Cultures

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Echium amoenum Fisch. and C.A . Mey. (Boraginaceae) is a very popular medicinal plant which is used as a tonic , tranquillizer, diaphoretic, cough remedy, sore throat and pneumonia in Iranיs traditional medicine. Callus culture ofmedicinal plants is one of the ways for produ ction of secondary metabolites . In this study , callus culture of E. amoenum and its major secondary met abolite were investigated. The callu s cu lture of E. amoenum was initiated and established from seeds in MS med ia with three di fferent rat ios of plant growth regulatories: ki netin, 2,4-D and NAA. Methanolic extr acts of freeze-dried ca lluses were compared by TLC and HPLC. The majo r secondary metabolite was sep arated by preparative HPLC and the structure of this pure compound was elucidated by UV, IR, one and two dimensional lH and l3C-NMR and Mass spe ctroscopy. Rosmarinic acid was identified by various spectrosco pic meth ods from ca llus culture of E. amoenum. Rosm arinic acid is widespread within the plant cell tissu e culture of the Lami aceae and Boragin aceae families, although in insignific ant quantities. Rosmarinic acid has an antimicrobia l, anti viral, and anti -inflammatory effect, which makes it a valuable produ ct for the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.

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