چكيده لاتين :
UTILIZATION OF FEATHERS WASTES AT POULTRY PROCESSING PLANTS IN PARTICLEBOARDS MANUFACTURE In Egypt, the centralization of poultry, processing has intensified the problem of
disposal of poultry wastes. The volume of available dry feathers annually at
processing plants has been estimated as 36 million tons (Ministry of Agriculture,
2009). However, the feather (Keratin-type proteins) contains about 90 to 95% crude
protein, and so, feathers are currently utilized on a limited basis as a dietary protein
supplement for animal feed because feather meal production is an expensive process,
requiring significant amounts of energy (Suntornsunk and Suntornsunk (2003).
Feather-wood boards (FWB) were manufactured to produce one-layer FWB under
different mixtures of chicken feather fiber, wood fiber and resin (00/90/10; (25/65/10);
(35/55/10) and (45/45/10), percentage by weight) and different pressing temperatures
(150, 180, 210 and 240, °C). The studied properties of the produced FWB included
static bending (modulus of rupture "MOR" and modulus of elasticity "MOE"), and
internal bond strength (IB) of the specimen, as well as dimensional stability properties
(water absorption , and Thickness swelling) after 2 and 24 hours of water-soak.
The obtained results showed that during processing of feather-wood boards
FWB with heated die at temperature levels from 150 to 240 °C, there was an
exponential relationship between MOR and MOE depended on the mixtures of feather
and wood fibers. While, the relationship between the internal strength bonds IB and
the processing variables was found to be logarithmical. Additional heating above 210
°C additional heating above 210 °C did not appear to increase the MOR (MPa) and
MOE (GPa) of feather-wood boards FWB although it did increase the internal strength
bond (IB) somewhat. Water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) decreased
as the die forming temperature increased from 150 to 240°C at all mixtures of feather
and wood fibers. At any die forming temperature of FWB, water absorption (WA) and
thickness swelling (TS) were lower with chicken feather and wood fibers composites
