مساهمة في دراسة الهالوك المتفرع L. Orobanche ramosae في الساحل السوري: الانتشار و العوائل و الدور المحتمل لذبابة الهالوك Phytomyza orobanchia Kalt في مكافحته حيويا

A survey of many fields and greenhouses in Syrian coast was conducted during 2002/2003,2003/2004 and 2004/2005 growing seasons in order to determine the distribution sites of branched broomrape (Orobanche ramosae), its host plants, and the phytophagous insects. Orobanche ramosae plants samples were randomly collected from infested fields and greenhouses. These samples were inspected by dissection shoots and fruit capsules of O.ramosae plants, and phytophagous insects were collected from it. The total number of inspected capsules and shoots was 4537 and 526 respectively. Results of this study showed that O.ramosae is distributed in studied sites of the Syrian coast up to 1500 meters above sea level. It is spread in many sites in Gabla in Al Burgan, Hmaemem, Ras Alain and in Ain Al-wadi (Slounfa ); and in Tartous in many sites like Yahmour, Al-kadmous, and in Dreikish. It also found parasites on10 plant species of different families like tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) ,eggpgant (Solanum melongena L.), and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) from Solanaceae, cucumber (Cucimus sativus L) from cucurbitaceae; Broad bean (Vicia faba L.) from Fabaceae and on tow species of ornamental plants.Coleus blumei Lour from Labiatae and Ociumum basilicum L.from Lamiaceae. Results indicate the distribution and natural occurrence of Phytomyza orobanchia Kalt.in most of the studied infested locations on tomato in greenhouse with different infestation rates ranging between 6.66-100% on O.ramosae shoots, and between 0-98.51% on fruit capsules.