Optimal Energy Management of Electric Vehicle Aggregator in the Electricity Market

This paper proposes the problem of scheduling of an electric vehicle (EV) aggregator in the electricity market with the considering uncertain resources. An EV aggregator decides to take part in short-term electricity market such as day-ahead (DA) and balancing trading floors to maximize its expected profit with considering sources of uncertainties such as DA and balancing prices as well as EVs charge/discharge demands. On the other hand, EV owners want to charge their EVs with the lowest charging cost and to discharge their EVs with high incomes. Therefore, a two level problem is formulated. Then, the obtained nonlinear two-level problem is transformed to a single level and linear problem using Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) optimality conditions and strong duality. Because of the uncertain nature of the problem, risk measurement tool is applied to the problem to ignore the unwilling scenarios.