Synthesis and characterization of nanocomposite materials based on resole resin and sonochemical treated nano CeO2 by carbonaceous material

In this study, the phenol and formaldehyde, the precursors of phenolic resin, were used to the preparation of phenol-formaldehyde (PF)/CeO2 (NC)s by in situ polymerization technique via insertion of the carbonaceous surface modified CeO2 nanoparticles (NP)s into reaction media by sonochemical assisted synthesis. The morphologies and structures of PF/CeO2 NCs were characterized by using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermal analyses methods.