چكيده فارسي :
Usage of natural gas as vehicular fuel is growing more popular by the hour, as it is
demonstrated by the fact that more than 60 countries have chosen this alternative fuel. There
are two main reasons why these countries chose to implement NGV projects.
The advantages of NGV can be looked at from two different perspectives, which may initially
be considered conflicting, but that in fact has an intimate connection. On one hand natural gas
is chosen as a means of drastically reducing social health costs due to the reduction in
polluting emissions, mainly particles, benzene and ground level ozone. Other countries instead
choose NGV as an economic instrument, by taking advantage of its low cost in order to
motorize expansion through cheap freights and increased savings for large sectors of society;
at the same time exportable surplus of oil and fuels generate solid incomes to the Nation.
Anyway, those countries that take the way of economic convenience receive the environment
benefits derived from the use of NGV. These benefits are present even though if we compare
vehicles converted under each criterion, individually those belonging to countries that follow
clean air goals will obviously be "cleaner" than those from economy oriented programs.
The CNG technology has developed along with the technological development in the vehicles.
In development process of vehicle industry in the world, some factors have an important role.
These factors consist of market demands, fuel cost increase, international regulations, prices,
diversity and vehicles quality … but in last decade, vehicles role in energy crisis and
environmental catastrophe is more important than others. In accordance with irregular
consumption of fossil fuels and high pollution of big cities, research centers and vehicle
industries have done effective strides to substitute alternative fuels and new energies.
Developments have reached today with NGV, and through its great advance it can be
interpreted that natural gas is approaching the fuel that many forecast as its natural
successor, hydrogen.
This paper will focus on universal approach on using of alternative fuels and new energies such
as CNG, DME for diesel engines and electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, fuel cells, hydrogen &
alcoholic fuels which grow up as a modern technology in the world.
