كليدواژه :
حقوق شهروندي , حق آزادي , امنيت رواني , جامعه شناسي , بازداشت خودسرانه
چكيده فارسي :
حق آزادي و امنيت رواني يكي از مهمترين حقوق شهروندي است. همچنانكه حقوق شهروندي به مثابه چتري شهروند و حقوق او را در بر گرفته و حمايت مي كند، حق آزادي و امنيت رواني نيز مي بايست براي هر فردي در جامعه اين امكان را فراهم سازد تا در پناه قانون و موازين حقوق شهروندي، از آزادي و امنيت رواني اجتماعي بهره مند گردد. در اين چهارچوب هرگونه تهديد خودسرانه آزادي و امنيت شخصي ممنوع بوده و سلب آزادي نيز استثنايي است كه تنها به وسيله مرجع صالح قانوني و مستند به آيين دادرسي قانوني و با رعايت موازيني كه از احترام به اصل آزاد بودن افراد ناشي مي شود، امكان پذير مي گردد. با توجه به اهميت حق آزادي و امنيت رواني در حقوق شهروندي، اين مقاله تلاشي است در راستاي شناختي بهتر و فراگيرتر از اين حق و نيز كوششي است براي بررسي جامعه شناختي حق بر آزادي، از اين رو سعي شده تا ضمن بررسي تضمين «حق بر آزادي» در اسناد بين المللي و قوانين،تناظر حقوق شهروندي را در موضوعاتي نظير: اصل ممنوعيت بازداشت، ممنوعيت بازداشت در اسناد بين المللي و قانون اساسي و نيز ممنوعيت بازداشت در موارد پيشگيري از وقوع جرم را مورد ارزيابي قرار دهد.
چكيده لاتين :
everybody has the right to liberty. The Right to liberty of person. Like the necessary of water is important. Seemly, powers of arrest or detention are not absolute. In accordance with International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights that Iran accepted on 1976, also in accordance with Article No.32 of Iran’s Constitutional Law, no one shall be deprived of his liberty, only in cases that allow by law and in accordance with procedure that prescribed by law. Therefore, every detained person has the right for re-evaluation of the justification of his detention promptly by a court and his release ordered if the detention is not lawful.
In this article analyzed Circumstances of detainee suspicion by police and in accordance with new Iran’s Criminal Procedure that performs on 2015 in around the country. At the first, conditions of police custody in sexual crimes and other crimes, After that, detention of people by people in accordance with new Iranian criminal procedure, Next, comparative study of police custody in French, English and European Convention of Human Rights, Finally, I mentioned the general comment of Human Rights Committee about International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
In brief, the lawful arrest or detention of a person affected for the purpose of bringing him before the competent legal authority or when it is reasonably considered necessary to prevent his committing an offence or fleeing after having done so, prescribed in this article. Police must considered Circumstances of detainee suspicion in practice
