Electrochemical investigation behavior of penicillamine at the carbon paste electrode modified with cerium oxide nanoparticles

Penicillamine (PA) is a medicine that has been used for many years in the treatment of various rheumatic diseases, most commonly rheumatoid arthritis. Increased amounts of PA can cause rashes early in treatment. Rashes may be associated with itching, which can often be controlled by simply adding antihistamine medication. Rashes associated with fever and joint pain usually require discontinuation of the PA. It can also cause loss of appetite, nausea, abdominal pain, and loss of the sense of taste [1]. Nanoparticles (NanoCeO2) have aroused much interest for development of implantable sensor due to their high mechanical strength, oxygen ion conductivity, biocompatibility, oxygen storage capacity, nontoxicity, high chemical stability and high electron transfers. In the present work, PA sensor was prepared by modification of a carbon paste electrode (CPE) with cerium oxide nanoparticles. The mentioned sensor can act as a suitable platform for oxidation of PA due to good conductivity, enhanced electron transfer kinetics and high catalytic activity [2-3]. The suggested sensor enhanced electrical current compared with bare CPE for the oxidation of PA. The percentages of NanoCeO2 and pH solution were optimized. The modified electrode was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and also, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the morphology of CeO2 nanoparticles. The methods such as chronoamperometry, and linear sweep voltammetry were carried out in this work. Based on the linear sweep voltammetry, the linear range were obtained 2µM-120µM and detection limit was calculated 0.66µM. This sensor revealed a suitable applicability for determination of PA in real samples (tablet samples).