نقش بادگيرها در الگوي توسعه پايدار در سرمايش اقليمي و بومي ايران

Ventilation-Shaft Role in Cooling the Climate and Sustainable Development Model in the Indigenous Iran

درجه حرارت در مناطق خشك به لحاظ زماني و مكاني دچار تغييرات شديد است. تغييرات زماني دما طي شبانه‌روز و فصل و تغييرات مكاني ميان فضاهاي دروني و بيروني مساكن مناطق مركزي ايران؛ ساكنان را از ديرباز به ابداع سازوكارهاي بوم‌گرايانه در ساخت‌وسازها واداشته است. در اين تحقيق تلاش به عمل‌ آمده است تا با مطالعه ميداني،‌ بادگيرها به عنوان يكي از كاراترين اجزاي مساكن بومي در چند شهر برگزيده ايران،‌ از جنبه‌هاي شرايط آب‌وهوايي،‌ ويژگي‌ها،‌ انواع و مصالح شناسانده ‌شده؛ امكان بكارگيري آنها در ساخت و سازهاي امروزي اين مناطق بررسي شود.

The traditional buildings in Iran have been respond to principles of sustainable architecture, but unfortunately the lack of attention to these principles has left unstable buildings. Iran has different climatic zones that provide valuable architecture. Architectural hot and humid climate that llocated in a large part of the northern edge of the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea, in recent years have lost most of traditional tissues. In this study, based on analytical-descriptive method discussed over the sustainability principles in hot and humid climate and Continuing with deeper and more accurate review these principles in traditional markets as one of the most important monuments of the city that has long been to respond to economic exchanges, cultural and social needs . The results suggest that the general principles of sustainable architecture over traditional building especially the market include: avoiding direct sunlight, drafts of air to reduce moisture during the day, creating a air conditioning in the market, create a favorable environment for pedestrians moving throughout the day, preventing the entry of hot air and dust, minimum energy consumption, create wide openings in roof to provide light and ventilation and And so on.