A Review on Electrical Protection Systems to Prevent Seismic Hazard in Buildings

An earthquake is the shaking of the surface of the Earth, resulting from the sudden release of energy in the Earth s lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Seismic waves are the waves of energy caused by the sudden breaking of rock within the earth or an explosion. They are the energy that travels through the earth and is recorded on seismographs. There are several different kinds of seismic waves, and they all move in different ways including and most commons are s waves and p waves. The first effect is on buildings structures. But there are more important effects in the infrastructures of the building such as electrical equipment or gas explosion that are affected exclusively by the electricity arc of damaged wires. In this paper, different electrical protection systems have been reviewed and the materials and methods for the design of protection systems are presented. Different sensors can be used in order to measure the intensity of seismic waves. In this paper, the sensors are also investigated and characterized for making it possible to design an effective electrical protection system.