پديدآورندگان :
Asad Shahanaghi Gholamreza shahanaghireza@gmail.com Msc student of Economic Geology, Urmia university, Iran; , Alipour Samad Alipour_samad@yahoo.com Professor and academic member of Geology department, Urmia university, Iran; , Jabbari Anahita Anahita.jabbari@yahoo.com PhD of water engineering, Urmia university, Iran;
چكيده فارسي :
The pollution due to heavy metals may be both natural and anthropogenic. Mining activities are among human activities which release a variety of toxic and potentially toxic pollutants into the environment. By the help of Geographic Information System (GIS), the trends, patterns, local points and accumulation zones of heavy metals may be recognized more easily. Using GIS maps is the advanced tools application in monitoring environmental hazards more practically, such as providing anomaly maps of heavy metals, the case in current study. Sampling and mapping the spatial distribution of contaminants is important in clarifying the temporal and spatial pollution history and is a good basis of pollution evaluation and risk control. The case study region of current research is Lobin – Zrdeh region, which is presented in figure (1). The region is located between 48, 58ʼ, 18ʼʼ and 48, 53ʼ, 45ʼʼ eastern longitudes and 36, 45ʼ, 32ʼʼ and 36, 44ʼ, 21ʼʼ northern latitudes. Tarom zone is one of the twenty areas which was under the Geomatics studies of Geology organization about possible mineral zones. One of the earliest studies on this zone, was done by H.Hubner and D.Basin in 1969. Tarom zone has the potential of mineralization of some types of minerals such as: Ti, Ni, Co, Mn, Zn, Au, Ag and Cu. Totally 42 elements have been analyzed after field sampling. Due to obtained results of histograms and cluster analysis, it can be expected that the spatial accordance of metals which show the better correlation, to be occurred in more extensive areas of GIS derived zoning maps. The metallic accumulation maps overlapping may shows the high risk regions more exactly. The possibility of using geostatistical approaches to prepare network maps by kriging toolset in GIS environment, provides an appropriate solution to illustrate the zoning maps of heavy and toxic metals. Overlapping the resulted maps and Anomaly environments with agricultural areas and dense human settlements, may provide a nice base to evaluate the risk potential of heavy metal pollution. The anomaly of Pb, Zn and Cu is illustrated in figure (3) which is an index of all studied toxic elements. The most important anomalies and high risk elements accumulations, is observed at the south western parts of Lehneh village and the pastures surrounding main stream. The mining activities which arise toxic heavy metals in large amounts, may be along with lots of risks, especially at near river sites cause lots of dangers for human dense regions. As a result, similar studies and using the GIS and RS techniques, may be helpful to find high risk accumulation areas of toxic heavy metals with more than allowed densities, in human, animal settlements and agricultural regions. Paying more attention to surface and ground water accumulation areas may have a considerable role to identify the accumulation, distribution and absorption of toxic pollutant elements hotspots.
