چكيده فارسي :
چكيده
از منظر آيات وحياني، تأسيس نظام و حكومت امري ضروري براي هر مجتمع است و خداي سبحان كه خود اولاً و بالذات حقّ حاكميت بر همگان را دارد، افرادي شايسته را براي حكومت و فرمانروايي بر مردم تعيين مي‌كند و اين مسأله، هرگز در اختيار مردم يا فردي معيّن نيست.
به گواه رهنمودهاي قرآني، تنها خداي والا حق قانون‌گذاري و تشريع احكام را دارد و جانشينان او در زمين، تنها مأمور ابلاغ شريعت و تبيين احكام الهي و نيز اجراي آن‌‌ها و قضاي ميان مردم هستند.
قرآن كريم، به ويژگي‌هاي ايجابي گوناگوني براي حاكمان سياسي و رهبران ديني مردم اشاره كرده است، مانند عصمت، هدايتمندي، زهد و اخلاص، دانايي و تخصص، التزام عملي به دين، نيك‌خويي، امانتداري و عدالت. همچنين برخي اوصاف سلبي رهبران مردم هم بيان شده است، نظير كفر و شرك و جهل و دنياپرستي و هوس‌گرايي و ظلم و فساد.
واژگان كليدي: قرآن و علم سياست، حاكميت سياسي، ويژگي حاكمان سياسي
چكيده لاتين :
Abstract
The political sovereignty in society is one of the most important and challenging issues. In Islamic societies, all scholars agree on the necessity of the existence of an Islamic government. The Holy Qur an, as the last heavenly book, also points at macro-political debates to form and consolidate sovereignty in society. According to the verses of the Qur an, the establishment of the system and government is essential for any society. For the execution of religious, political, social, cultural, or military and security regulations of Muslims is in bound to an Islamic government. The Holy Qur an, supplies the political rulers in the society with two important positions: 1. They are the legitimate authority to declare the divine rulings to the people. 2. They are to execute the Shari a law and be the judiciary body as well. From the point of view of the Holy Qur an, the most important duty of the Prophets is to establish a just social system through the implementation of laws and ordinances. The prophetic missions of the apostles have been accompanied by their political rule. Accordingly, Allah, being the first and foremost sovereign, determines the competent people to govern. This issue is never relegated to the people or to an individual. Therefore, the attitude of the Holy Quran on how to realize political rule in society is based on two main axes: God-centeredness in the installation of political rulers and divine affairs and Democracy in identifying the [instances of] political rulers and dealing with the affairs of people . From the Quranic point of view, in order for the political rulers occupy political posts, they must meet two types of positive and negative criteria. In terms of positive criteria, they should meet qualitative characteristics such as: infallibility, guidance, zeal and sincerity, knowledge and scientific expertise, practical commitment to religion, trusteeship, supporting the right and justice, good-temperedness, humility and physical strength are among the most prominent criteria of political rulers. Also, based on the verses of the Qur an, the political rulers should refrain from the following most important negative qualities: disbelief, polytheism, ignorance, worldly pleasures and temptations, oppression, corruption, slander, and foolishness.
Keywords: Scientific Interpretation of the Quran, Qur an and Politics, Political Governance of the Society, Feature of Political Rulers
