بررسي اﺛﺮ ﻓﻠﺰ ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ ﺳﺮب ﺑﺮ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﺧﻮﻧﯽ و ﺑﯿﻮﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﮐﭙﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﯽ

Effect of Lead on blood and biochemical factors on common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، اﺛﺮ ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي زﯾﺮ ﺣﺪ ﮐ ﺸﻨﺪﮔﯽ ﻓﻠﺰ ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ ﺳﺮب ﺑﺮ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﻫﻤﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ و ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻮ ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺧﻮن (ﮔﻠﻮﮐﺰ، ﮐﻠﺴﺘﺮول و ﺗﺮي ﮔﻠﯿﺴﯿﺮﯾﺪ) ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﮐﭙﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﯽ ﺑﺮر ﺳﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن در ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و در ﮔﺮوه ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺑﺎ ﻓﻠﺰ ﺳﺮب ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 2/6mg/l ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ ﺑﺎ ﺳــﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺳــﭙﺲ در زﻣﺎن 14 و21 روز ﭘﺲ از ﺷــﺮوع آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ از ﺳــﺎﻗﻪ دﻣﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﮐﭙﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﯽ ﺧﻮن ﮔﯿﺮي اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﻣﯿﺰان ﮔﻠﻮﮐﺰ، ﮐﻠﺴﺘﺮول، ﺗﺮي ﮔﻠﯿﺴﯿﺮﯾﺪ و ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﺧﻮﻧﯽ ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﮔﻠﻮﮐﺰ ﺧﻮن در ﮔﺮوه ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﻠﺴﺘﺮول و ﺗﺮي ﮔﻠﯿﺴﯿﺮﯾﺪ ﺧﻮن در اﯾﻦ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﻧﺸــﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار (05. >p )ﻣﯿﺰان اﯾﻦ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ زﻣﺎن ﻣﺴــﻤﻮﻣﯿﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ. ﺳــﺮب در ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار در ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﻌﺪ از 21 روز ﻣﺴـــﻤﻮﻣﯿﺖ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﯾﺠﺎد ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات در ﺗﺎﺑﻠﻮي ﺧﻮﻧﯽ و اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﻢ ﺧﻮﻧﯽ در ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.

In this study, the effect of lead metal on hematological factors and blood biochemical parameters (glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were investigated on common carp, exposed to doses below the threshold of these metals for 14 and 21 days.The control groups were arranged in water for 14 and 21 days, respectively, in the water of a typical tap water. Treatments were exposed to 2.6 mg/l of lead for 14 and 21 days. After the treatment period, blood sampling was carried out from the fish caudal stem and blood glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride and other blood factors were evaluated in different groups. The results showed that the blood glucose level in the treatment groups was significantly increased, the study of serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels in these fishes showed a significant increase (P <0.05) of these parameters with increasing time of poisoning. The lead in the doses resulted in a significant reduction in the amount of RBC, Hb, and Hct after 21 days of poisoning. As a result, heavy metals can cause changes in blood plate and cause anemia in fish.