ﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﮐﺒﺪﭼﺮب در ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﻗﺰلآﻻي رﻧﮕﯿﻦﮐﻤﺎن و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ راهﻫﺎي درﻣﺎن آن ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ داروﻫﺎي ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ

An Introduction to fatty liver disease in Rainbow trout and its treatment, with emphasis on herbal medicines

ﮐﺒﺪ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﺰرگﺗﺮﯾﻦ اﻧﺪام داﺧﻠﯽ ﻣﻬﺮه داران و ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻏﺪد ﺑﺪن، ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻌﺪدي را اﻧﺠﺎم داده و ﻣﺴـــﺘﻌﺪ ﺑﺴـــﯿﺎري از ﺑﯿﻤﺎريﻫﺎ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷـــﺪ. رﺳـــﻮب ﭼﺮﺑﯽ در ﮐﺒﺪ ﯾﺎ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ واﮐﻮﺋﻞﻫﺎي ﭼﺮﺑﯽ در ﺳـــﻠﻮلﻫﺎي ﮐﺒﺪي را ﮐﺒﺪ ﭼﺮب ﻣﯽﮔﻮﯾﻨﺪ. آزادﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﺑﻪوﯾﮋه ﻗﺰل آﻻي رﻧﮕﯿﻦﮐﻤﺎن ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ ذﺧﯿﺮه ﮐﺮدن ﭼﺮﺑﯽ ﻣﺤﺪود ﺑﻮده و ﭼﺮﺑﯽ اﺿـــﺎﻓﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﺟﯿﺮه ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺒﺪ ﻧﻔﻮذ ﮐﺮده و ﺑﺎ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ در آن ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﮐﺒﺪ ﭼﺮب (ﻟﯿﭙﻮﺋﯿﺪوز) ﮔﺮدد. اﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري در ﻗﺰل آﻻي رﻧﮕﯿﻦﮐﻤﺎن اﻏﻠﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ زﯾﺎد از ﺣﺪ در دﻣﺎي ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ و ﯾﺎ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ از ﭼﺮﺑﯽﻫﺎي اﺷﺒﺎع ﯾﺎ اﮐﺴﯿﺪﺷﺪه ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. درﻣﺎنﻫﺎي ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ و ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﺘﻌﺪدي ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري در اﻧﺴــﺎن ﻣﻄﺮح ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷــﺪ درﺣﺎﻟﯽﮐﻪ در ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﻗﺰل آﻻي رﻧﮕﯿﻦﮐﻤﺎن، اﻏﻠﺐ از داروﻫﺎي ﺷــﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ اﺳــﺘﻔﺎده ﺷــﺪه و ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ،داروﻫﺎي ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ در درﻣﺎن اﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﺷــﺪه اﺳــﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﺗﻼش ﺷــﺪه اﺳــﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ درﻣﺎنﻫﺎي ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ داروﻫﺎي ارزانﺗﺮ، در دﺳﺘﺮس ﺗﺮ و ﺑﺎ اﺛﺮات ﺟﺎﻧﺒﯽ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد.

The liver as the largest internal organ of vertebrates and one of the most important glands in the body has multiple activities and is prone to many diseases. The fatty deposits in the liver, or the accumulation of fatty vacuoles in the liver cells, is called fatty liver. Salmonids, especially rainbow trout, have the ability to store fat, and excess fat in the diet can penetrate the liver and, by accumulation, causes fatty liver disease (lipoidosis). This disease in rainbow trout is often due to excessive feeding at low temperatures or being fed with saturated or oxidized fats. Several chemical and herbal treatments are available for human beings; while chemical drugs are often used in rainbow trout and less focus on the use of herbal medicines has been made. In this study, efforts have been made to focus on the introducing herbal remedies as well as cheaper and more affordable drugs with fewer side effects for the disease.