ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻟﯽ ﯾﺮﺳﯿﻨﯿﺎ راﮐﺮي ، ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﯾﺮﺳﯿﻨﯿﻮزﯾﺲ در ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﻣﺰارع ﻗﺰل آﻻي ﮐﺸﻮر

Molecular study of Yersiniaruckeridistribution, the causative agent of yersiniosis in some farmed rainbow trout of Iran

ﯾﺮﺳﯿﻨﯿﺎ راﮐﺮي ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﯾﺮﺳﯿﻨﯿﻮزﯾﺲ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺑﯿﻤﺎريﻫﺎي ﺟﺪي ﺑﺎ زﯾﺎنﻫﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺑﺎﻻ در ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﭘﺮورش ﻗﺰل آﻻي رﻧﮕﯿﻦﮐﻤﺎن اﺳــﺖ. ﻣﻮارد اﺑﺘﻼي ﻣﺎﻫﯽﻫﺎ در ﻣﺰارع ﻗﺰل آﻻي ﮐﺸــﻮر ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻣﺬﮐﻮر، از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ در ﺳــﺎلﻫﺎي اﺧﯿﺮ ﻧﮕﺮانﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻮده اﺳـــﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳـــﯽ ﭘﺮاﮐﻨﺶ ﯾﺮﺳـــﯿﻨﯿﺎ راﮐﺮي در ﻣﺰارع ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري، ﺑﺮاي ﻧﺨﺴـــﺘﯿﻦ ﺑﺎر در ﻣﺰارع اﺳـــﺘﺎنﻫﺎي ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران ( 22 مزرعه) ، ﺗﻬﺮان( 18 ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ)، ﻟﺮﺳـــﺘﺎن( 6 ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ) و زﻧﺠﺎن (6 ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ) و ﻫﻢﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﯿﻮﺗﯿﭗ وﺗﻮاﻟﯽﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺟﺪاﯾﻪﻫﺎي اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي و ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮﯾﺎﯾﯽ، ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ 34 ﺟﺪاﯾﻪي ﯾﺮﺳﯿﻨﯿﺎ راﮐﺮي از ﻣﺰارع اﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎي ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران ( 14 مزرعه)، تهران ( 17 مزرعه) و زنجان ( 3مزرعه) گرديد . ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ اين جدايه ها در آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ آﻧﺘﯽﺑﺎدي ﻣﻮﻧﻮﮐﻠﻮﻧﺎل ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﺑﻪ روش آﮔﻠﻮﺗﯿﻨﺎﺳﯿﻮن ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻫﻢﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﻫﻤﮕﯽ ﺟﺪاﯾﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻮﺗﯿﭗ 1بوده و داراي ﺧﻮاص ﺗﺤﺮك و ﻟﯿﭙﺎز ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼوه، در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﻮاﻟﯽ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺟﺪاﯾﻪﻫﺎ داراي ﺗﺸـــﺎﺑﻪ ﺗﻮاﻟﯽ 99% ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺑﯿﻮﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ، ﺳﺮوﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻟﯽ، ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﭘﺮاﮐﻨﺶ ﺑﺎﻻي ﯾﺮﺳﯿﻨﯿﻮزﯾﺲ ﺑﺎ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﯾﺮﺳﯿﻨﯿﺎ راﮐﺮي ﺑﯿﻮﺗﯿﭗ 1 در ﻣﺰارع ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﻗﺰل آﻻي ﻣﺒﺘﻼ در ﮐﺸﻮر اﺳﺖ از اﯾﻦ رو ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﺟﺪي ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از ﺑﯿﻤﺎري اﺳﺖ .

Yersinia ruckeri is the causative agent of yersiniosis, one of the most serious bacterial diseases in rainbow trout culture industry with high economic losses. Outbreaks of clinical forms of the disease have been considerable in Iranian rainbow trout farms. This study was aimed to evaluate the molecular epidemiology of yersiniosis caused by Y. ruckeri, affected farmed trout in Mazandaran (22 farms), Tehran (18 farms), Lorestan (6 farms) and Zanjan (6 farms) provinces during 2011 to 2013. Furthermore, biotyping and sequencing of the recovered Iranian isolates was performed. Totally, 34 Y. ruckeri isolates were identified in Mazandaran (14 farms), Tehran (17 farms) and Zanjan (3 farms). All isolates were strongly positive in latex bacterial agglutination using monoclonal antibody to Y. ruckeri. Also, all isolates were identified as biotype 1 showing motility and having lipase activity. In addition, all isolates showed high sequencing similarity (99%). These biochemical, serological and molecular studies all together confirmed the increasing distribution of yersiniosis casued by Y. ruckeri biotype 1in farmed trout in Iran and so require preventive measures.