Study of p53 polymorphism at codon 72 in patients of breast cancer in Ardabil

Cancer is a group of diseases that involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the human body. The p53 tumor suppressor gene is one of the most important Genes in human. A common C-to-G polymorphism at codon 72 in the p53 gene has been attend with high risk of nasopharyngeal, prostate and colorectal cancers, and may result in genetic susceptibility to breast cancer .In this study we evaluated the effect of this p53 (codon 72) polymorphism on breast invasive ductal carcinoma development. In this case control study that conducted among 40 patients with breast invasive ductal carcinoma and 40 matched controls in Ardabil city. Codon 72 of P53 codon genotypes were identified using polymerase chain reaction. Results of this study shows that, in control samples, the genotype distribution of p53 polymorphism are 46.2%, 47.9% and 2.9% for the Arg/Arg, Arg/Pro and Pro/Pro genotypes, respectively. In cancer group the distribution was 81.6% for Arg/Arg, 16.4% for Arg/Pro and 1% for Pro/Pro. Distribution differences in p53 codon 72 polymorphism between the cases and controls were statistically significant (P 0.001). This study shows that 72th codon polymorphism of p53 gene is a genetic prepare breast invasive ductal carcinoma development in samples of Ardabil. However, further studies are needed to determine the role of p53 codon72 polymorphism in breast cancer development.