چكيده فارسي :
Recent advances in bio-nanotechnology have increased the demand for lipases as a kind of biocatalyst with high-performance under mild conditions [1]. However the major challenge
associated with the enzyme-catalyzed bioprocesses is their short catalytic lifespan that hinder their utility and increases the operational costs. Thus, numerous attempts have aimed to improve enzymes reuse capacity by immobilization technique. So far, a variety of materials in micro and nano scale have been explored as carriers or supports to immobilize the lipases [2]. Among nanostructured materials, graphene, a carbon-based nanomaterial, having a unique combination of structural and physiochemical properties, have attracted considerable attention as a promising carrier for lipase immobilization [3-5]. This paper aims to review recent developments and applications of the graphene derivatives for retaining lipase as nanocarrier. The essential properties of graphene for enzyme immobilization was highlighted. The advancements of up-to-date strategies for immobilizing lipase onto graphene structure by physical adsorption, covalent binding, cross-linking or specific ligand spacers are discussed. It is also noted that considerable increase in catalytic activity and reusability of immobilized lipase to free lipase, probably influenced by high surface area, two-dimensional structures, availability of surface functionalization, high loading of biomacromolecules and suspending ability of graphene as supports. Nonetheless, several challenges associated with designing and development of bioprocess applications still remains. These challenges was suggested to be addressed through interdisciplinary collaboration of chemists, engineers and material scientists.
