Synthesis of Tricarboxamides Using Novel Core-shell Nanocatalyst Based on Ionic Liquid

Ionic liquids (ILs) possess green properties such as non-flammability, chemical and thermal stability, extended solvation nature, and negligible vapor pressure. In recent years, many task-specific ionic liquids (TSILs) were designed and utilized for accelerating various organic transformations. Nano catalysts offer a higher surface-to-volume ratio and lower coordinating sites in comparison to bulk counterparts, which are responsible for the higher catalytic activity as well as selectivity. Furthermore, nano catalysis has the advantage of high atom efficiency, easy product purification, and reusability of the catalyst. The multi-component reactions (MCRs) are valuable versatile method for affording diverse organic structures with potent applications in medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry. Because of their benefits such as facile performance, environmentally friendly, and atom economic, MCRs are interested in organic chemistry. Tricarboxamides are a class of nitrogen heterocycles which have significant biological properties such as neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-tumor activities. In this research we have prepared a new catalyst based on nano SiO2 core and a novel ionic liquid containing aspartic acid and guanine. This new nano structure has been characterized by FT-IR, FESEM, EDAX, TGA/ DTG, and BET techniques. Its catalytic efficacy examined in the synthesis of tricarboxamides via a pseudo five-component condensation of isocyanides, aromatic aldehydes, Meldrum’s acid, and aromatic amines at room temperature solvent-free conditions. Recovery and recyclability of the nano structure within 3 runs without activity loss, in combination with green reaction media, and high yields of the products, are some highlighted points of the procedure.