Determination of Activity Coefficients of Major Ions in Caspian Sea Water

Studies on the Caspian Sea have already included a study of its chemical composition, and the study of thermodynamics and activity coefficients of the existing ions, which are of theoretical and practical importance for preparing phase diagrams of the sea, have not been considered. Using the results of these studies, information on processes such as salt precipitation due to evaporation of sea water, investigating the possibility of extraction of valuable salts and changes in water density with the amount of salt dissolved in sea water can be obtained. In this study, the activity coefficients of ions and saline salts were calculated at 250C with using published data on the concentration of sea ions in the past years [1]. The Pitzer model has been used to determine the activity coefficient and other thermodynamic functions [2].