The Use of Graphene Quantum Dot Nanocatalysts with Acidic Functional Groups to Synthesize Xanthene Derivatives under Microwave Radiation conditions

Graphene quantum dots (CGQDs) were used as an effective acidic nanocatalyst for the coupling reaction of 2-naphthole and benzaldehyde derivatives for the preparation of 14H-dibenzo xanthene derivatives, in non-solvent and using microwave irradiation conditions, following the principles of green chemistry. The structures of the 14H-dibenzo xanthene derivatives were confirmed by FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopic techniques. The structure of catalyst was also confirmed by FT-IR, XRD, TEM and PL techniques. In order to demonstrate the positive effect of the CGQDs catalyst, the reaction times and yields of the products were compared with similar products that were previously reported. 14H-dibenzo xanthene derivatives were synthesized in a simple procedure with good to excellent yields.