Vitreous substitutes

ABSTRACT In 1990 the number of blind people in the word was approximately 38 million. In the western world the commonest causes for blindness is diabetic retinopathy and it could be a good reason to search about the treatment of such disease.vitrectomy is one of the usual treatment for eye disease. The most common indications for vitrectomy in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) include non-clearing vitreous hemorrhage ( the existence of extravasted blood in the space between retinal and ciliary body ), macular traction syndromes, TRD, combined tractional and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, neo vascular glaucoma ,visual disability caused by floaters and vitreous amyloidosis(There are more than 30 protein that deposition of one of these circulating proteins, cause dysfunction and eventually death). we can use it as a treatment for diffuse diabetic macular without posterior vitreous edema detachment, Macular holes that causes detachment, double-perforation gunshot injury, removing macular edema in eyes which the edema was the result of a retinal vein occlusion.Vitreoretinal surgery has been increased.so for performing surgery, Vitrectomy, removing the vitreous gel is necessary. After surgery the vitreous cavity should be filled. Several materials are tried to fill the cavity and be similar to vitreous in order to mimic its function. .in this review article , we are focusing on the currently used vitreous substitutes and their function with their advantages and disadvantages .