Colloidal quantum dots for clean energy production (Review)

Colloidal Quantum Dots as semiconductor nanostructures, among other emerging materials, are available to utilize more efficient solar energy than conventional materials. A new strategy that applies a thin layer of solar cell generated from the material in a few picoseconds to process the energy conversion and transformation. One of the biggest disadvantages of using bulk materials and thin films of solar cells is the waste of energy after photon absorption, which occurs in very little fraction of time (picoseconds). Photons with larger energies than the semiconductor band those are responsible for the production of charge carriers (electrons) cause excessive kinetic energy and are dispersed through the diffusion of phonons. Colloidal Quantum Dots which, by definition, have zero dimensions are capable of providing a new path for controlling the flow of energy and have the potential to increase the efficiency of the initial phase of converting light into electrical current.