The Application of response surface methodology for the optimization of parameters and development of a simple spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of atenolol and carvedilol in their pharmaceutical preparations

The present work is aimed to study the effect of different parameters on the fluorescence intensity of atenolol (ATE) and carvedilol (CAR) and optimization by response surface methodology (RSM) to provide a simple analytical method for their quantification in pharmaceutical formulations. Various parameters affecting the fluorescence intensity, i.e., sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) concentration, pH, volume fraction of solvents were optimized using RSM. Then, the optimized parameters were applied to the validation of a method for fluorimetric determination of β-blockers in their pharmaceutical preparations. It is obtained that, under the optimum conditions for determination of ATE, the method provided a linear range between 65 to 750 ng.mL-1 with a coefficient of determination (r) of 0.9996. Also, the limit of detection and limit of quantification (LOD and LOQ) were 40 ng.mL-1 and 130 ng.mL-1, respectively. Moreover, it is observed that, the linearity of method for determination of CAR was between 0.25 to 4.0 ng.mL-1 and LOD and LOQ of method were 0.11 ng.mL-1 and 0.37 ng.mL-1, respectively.