اﺛﺮ ﮐﻮد داﻣﯽ و ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد زﯾﺴﺖ ﺗﻮده و اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﻧﻌﻨﺎع ﻓﻠﻔﻠﯽ در ﭼﯿﻦﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻃﺮح ﻣﺮﮐﺐ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي

Effects of cow manure and plant density on biological yield and essential oil percentage in different cuttings of peppermint using Central Composite Design

اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﮐﻮد داﻣﯽ و ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد اﻧﺪامﻫﺎي روﯾﺸﯽ و درﺻﺪ اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﮔﯿﺎه داروﯾﯽ ﻧﻌﻨﺎع ﻓﻠﻔﻠﯽ در ﭼﯿﻦ-ﻫﺎي اول و دوم ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻃﺮح ﻣﺮﮐﺐ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ﺑﺎ دو ﺗﮑﺮار در ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 1396-97 در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﮐﺸﺎورزي داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻓﺮدوﺳﯽ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﻮح ﺑﺎﻻ و ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ )10 و 15 ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ( و ﮐﻮد داﻣﯽ )ﺻﻔﺮ و 70 ﺗﻦ درﻫﺮ ﻫﮑﺘﺎر( ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ در دو ﭼﯿﻦ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻣﺪل درﺟﻪ دو ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎ اﺛﺮات ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺮازش داده ﺷﺪ . ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در ﭼﯿﻦﻫﺎي اول و دوم ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد زﯾﺴﺖﺗﻮده ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ 10 ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮﺑﻊ+70 ﺗﻦ ﮐﻮد داﻣﯽ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر و 10 ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮﺑﻊ+35 ﺗﻦ ﮐﻮد داﻣﯽ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر اﺧﺘﺼﺎص داﺷﺖ. RMSE ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد زﯾﺴﺖﺗﻮده در ﭼﯿﻦﻫﺎي اول و دوم ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 25/19 و دوم 11/25 درﺻﺪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﺑﻮﺗﻪ و ﮐﻮد داﻣﯽ روﻧﺪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺮاي درﺻﺪ اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ . در ﭼﯿﻦ اول ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ درﺻﺪ اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 15 ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ+35 ﺗﻦ ﮐﻮد داﻣﯽ و در ﭼﯿﻦ دوم ﺑﺮاي 10 ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ+35 ﺗﻦ ﮐﻮد داﻣﯽ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ.

In this work, effects of cow manure and plant density were evaluated on biological yield and essential percentage of peppermint in the first and the second cuttings by using Central Composite Design with two replications at the Research Field of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad during the growing season of 2017- 2018. Treatments were allocated based on low and high levels of plant density (10 and 15 plants.m-2, respectively) and cow manure (0 and 70 ton per ha-1, respectively). Plants were harvested in two cutting stages. The full quadratic polynomial equation with interaction was tested. The results showed that the maximum biomass yield in the first and the second cuttings were observed in 10 plants.m-2+70 ton cow manure per ha and 10 plants.m-2+35 ton cow manure per ha, respectively. In the first and the second cuttings, RMSE for biological yield were calculated with 25.19% and 11.25%, respectively. With increasing in plant density and cow manure enhanced essential oil percentage. The highest essential oil percentage in the first and the second cuttings were observed in 15 plants.m-2+35 ton cow manure per ha and 10 plants.m-2+35 ton cow manure per ha, respectively.