تأثير تاريخ كاشت و فاصله رديف كشت بر برخي صفات عملكردي سورگوم رقم پگاه Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench

The effect of planting date and row spacing on some yield traitsin Pegah cultivar of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ و ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ردﯾﻒﻫﺎي ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدﯾﺴﻮرﮔﻮم رﻗﻢ ﭘﮕﺎه، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر در ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﮑﺮار در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﮐﺸﺎورزي داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ واﺣﺪ ﺗﺎﮐﺴﺘﺎن در ﺑﻬﺎر و ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎن 1393 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ 10 و 25 ﺧﺮداد و 9 ﺗﯿﺮ و ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ردﯾﻒ ﮐﺸﺖ درﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ 50، 60 و 70 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﺻﻔﺎت وزن ﻫﺰار داﻧﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ در ﺧﻮﺷﻪ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ و ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﺳﻮرﮔﻮم ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ.ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ و ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ردﯾﻒ ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ و ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﯾﮏ درﺻﺪ اﺛﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار داﺷﺖ.ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ و ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ 10 ﺧﺮداد و ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ردﯾﻒ 60 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 4036/75 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر و ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺸﺖ 10 ﺧﺮداد و ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ردﯾﻒ 50 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 22816/18 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ،ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد، ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ 10 ﺧﺮداد و ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ردﯾﻒ 60 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﻣﺘﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﺸﺖ رﻗﻢ ﭘﮕﺎه ﺳﻮرﮔﻮم در ﺗﺎﮐﺴﺘﺎن و ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد.

To study the effect of planting date and row spacing on some yield traits in Pegah cultivar of sorghum, an experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with nine treatments in four replications at research field of faculty of agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Takestan in spring and summer 2014. The planting date consisted of three levels of 31 May, 15 and 30 June and the row spacing at three levels consisted of 50, 60 and 70 centimeters. Traits of 1000- grain weight, grain number per panicle, biological and grain yield of sorghum were evaluated.The results showed that planting date and row spacing had significant effect on biological and grain yield at 1% probability level. The greatest biologicaland grain yield were obtained in the planting date of 31 May and the row spacing of 60 cm with an average of 4036.75 kg.ha-1 and the planting date of 31 May and the row spacing of 50 cm with 22816.18 kg.ha-1, respectively.According to the results, in order to achieve the maximum grain yield, the planting date of 31 May and the row spacing of 60 cm is recommended for the cultivation of Pegah cultivar of sorghum in Takestan region and similar areas.