بررسي خصوصيات مورفولوژيكي و فيزيولوژيكي گياه استبرق (Calotropts procera L.) در مناطق خشك و شور استان گلستان

Study on morphological and physiological traits of Stabragh (Calotropts procera L.) under drought and saline area of Golestan proviance

ﮔﯿﺎه داروﯾﯽ اﺳﺘﺒﺮق ).Calotropts procera L( ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Asclepiadaceaeو ﻣﻘﺎوم ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ ﺑﺎﻻي ﺧﺸﮑﯽ و ﺷﻮري اﺳ. ﺖ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري و ﺳﺎزﮔﺎري ﮔﯿﺎه اﺳﺘﺒﺮق در اﻗﻠﯿﻢ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺸﮏ و ﺷﻮر اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن، اﯾﻦ ﮔﯿﺎه در ﺳﺎل ﻫﺎي 1393و 1394، در ﺳﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﮔﺮﮔﺎن، ﮔﻨﺒﺪﮐﺎووس و آق ﻗﻼ ﺑﺎ درﺟﻪ ﺷﻮري و ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت در ﺳﻪ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ )اول اﺳﻔﻨﺪ، اول ﻓﺮوردﯾﻦ و اول اردﯾﺒﻬﺸﺖ( ﮐﺸﺖ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ داده ﻫﺎ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺐ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد اﺛﺮ ﻣﮑﺎن، ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ و ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري ﺑﺮاي ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، ﺳﻄﺢ و ﻣﯿﺰان ﭘﺮوﻟﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺷﺪ و اﯾﻦ ﺻﻔﺖﻫﺎ، ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺻﻔﺎت ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎري و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﮑﺎن ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﯿﺎه ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾ.ﺪ ﻃﺒﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ، ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﮑﺎن ﮐﺸﺖ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن، ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﮔﺮﮔﺎن ﺑﻮد. ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ در ﻣﯿﺰان ﺳﺎزﮔﺎري و ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﮔﯿﺎه ﺷﺪ و ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ، ﮐﺎﺷﺖ در اردﯾﺒﻬﺸﺖ ﻣﺎه ﺑﻮ.د ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ، ﮔﯿﺎه ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺧﺸﮏ و ﺷﻮر اﺳﺘﺎن را دارا ﺑﻮده و ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺎس ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان از اﺳﺘﺒﺮق ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺧﺸﮏ و ﺷﻮر اﺳﺘﺎن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻤﻮد.

Stabragh (Milkweed), a medical plant and belong to the Asclepiadaceae family and resistant to high levels of drought and salinity. Study of adaptation and stability of under drought and saline area of Golestan proviance in years of 2014 and 2015, in Gorgan, Gonbad and Aghghala with different degrees of salinity and drought in February, March and April were examined. Data analysis through combined analysis of randomized complete block design indicated the effect of regions, planting date and sampling on plant height, leaf area and prolin and chlorophyll were significant as the most important traits were introduced in the measurement and adjustment of plant milkweed. Gorgan city was the most suitable area for cultivation In and changing the sowing date led to a change in the adaptation and stability of the plant. Thus, the best planting dates, is planting in April. Thus, the plant can tolerate dry and saline conditions of the various regions in province, and we can plant milkweed as an alternative in arid and saline areas of the province.