تاثير كلريد كبالت و انواع پرايمينگ بر جوانه زني بذر لوبيا قرمز (Phaseolus vulgaris)

Influence of cadmium chloride and priming types on germination of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seed

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪ ﮐﺒﺎﻟﺖ و اﻧﻮاع ﭘﺮاﯾﻤﯿﻨﮓ ﺑﺮ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ ﺑﺬر ﻟﻮﺑﯿﺎ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ دو ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻣﺤﻘﻖ اردﺑﯿﻠﯽ در ﺳﺎل 1398 در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر اول ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪ ﮐﺒﺎﻟﺖ )ﺻﻔﺮ، 100 و 200 ﭘﯽﭘﯽام ( و ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر دوم ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭼﻬﺎر ﻧﻮع ﭘﯿﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر )ﺷﺎﻫﺪ، آب ﻣﻘﻄﺮ، ﻣﺎﻧﯿﺘﻮل و اﺳﯿﺪ ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ( ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﻤﺎم ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ، ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ، ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ زﻣﺎن ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ و ﻗﺪرت ﻃﻮﻟﯽ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭽﻪ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﺪه داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﻧﻮع ﭘﯿﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت ﺳﺮﻋﺖ و ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ زﻣﺎن ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ، ﻣﺎﻧﯿﺘﻮل ﺑﺮ ﻗﺪرت ﻃﻮﻟﯽ و اﺳﯿﺪ ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ ﺑﺮ ﻗﺪرت وزﻧﯽ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭽﻪ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻧﺸﺎن داد. ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺛﺮ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ، ﻣﺎﻧﯿﺘﻮل ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻨﻔﯽﺗﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد اﻣﺎ ﺑﻨﯿﻪ وزﻧﯽ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭽﻪ را ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ داد، وﻟﯽ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺑﯿﻦ آنﻫﺎ دﯾﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ. ﭘﺮاﯾﻢ ﮐﺮدن ﺑﺬرﻫﺎي ﻟﻮﺑﯿﺎ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺑﺎ اﺳﯿﺪ ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ ﺳﺒﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻗﺪرت وزﻧﯽ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭽﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ )15%( ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﻄﻮح ﺗﻨﺶ ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪ ﮐﺒﺎﻟﺖ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ.

In order to investigate the effect of priming types and cobalt chloride on germination of red bean seeds, a two-factorial factorial experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabilli in 2019. The first factor consisted of three levels of cobalt chloride (0, 100 and 200 ppm) and the second factor contained four levels of pretreatment (control, distilled water, mannitol and salicylic acid). The results showed that among all studied traits, germination rate, mean of germination time and seedling length vigor index had a significant response to the treatments. All three pretreatments showed significant response to germination and mean of germination time, mannitol on length vigor index and salicylic acid on seedling weight vigor index. Germination rate was significantly decreased by pre-treatments, mannitol showed more negative effect on germination index than other pre-treatments but increased seedling vigor compared to control, but no significant difference. There was no barrier between them. Priming of red bean seeds with salicylic acid increased seedling vigor (15%) compared to control. With increasing stress levels of cobalt chloride, traits decreased compared to control.