چكيده فارسي :
ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺬر ﮐﻤﺘﺮ و ﯾﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﻣﻌﻤﻮل در ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ و ﺑﻪ دﻻﯾﻞ ﻣﺘﻌﺪدي از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ارﻗﺎم ﺑﺬر درﺷﺖ )اﻧﺪازه ﺑﺬر، ( ارﻗﺎم ﺑﺎ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞ ﭘﻨﺠﻪ زﻧﯽ ﮐﻢ، ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﻬﺎره، ﮐﺸﺖ دﯾﺮ، روش دﺳﺖ ﭘﺎش، اراﺿﯽ ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ، درﺻﺪ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ ﭘﺎﺋﯿﻦ و ﻏﯿﺮه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ زارﻋﯿﻦ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﺛﺮ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎت ﻧﺴﺒﯽ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﻮي ﺑﺮ ﻗﺪرت ﺣﯿﺎﺗﯽ ﺑﺬر، ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ و ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﺑﺬر ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺳﺘﻘﺮار ﮔﯿﺎه در ﻫﻨﮕﺎم ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺬر ﻣﺼﺮﻓﯽ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﺗﻮﺳﻂ زارﻋﯿﻦ در زراﻋﺖ ﺟﻮ ﺑﯿﺶ از ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز اﺳﺖ و ﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﺬر در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﺑﯿﺶ از 250 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم و در ﻧﻘﺎﻃﯽ از ﮐﺸﻮر ﺗﺎ 300 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﻣﮑﺎن ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﺬر ﺟﻮ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﮐﺸﺖ زارع، ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﻃﺮح در اراﺿﯽ ﮐﺸﺎورز اﺟﺮا ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﺬر ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺧﻮد زارﻋﯿﻦ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ. روش اﺟﺮا ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﺻﻮرت ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ در زﻣﯿﻦ زارﻋﯿﻦ ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎر ﺗﮑﺜﯿﺮ ﺑﺬر، ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ )،50 100، 150، 200و 250 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر( ﺑﺬر ﺟﻮ اﺻﻼح ﺷﺪه ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻪ دار ﺑﺎ روش راﯾﺞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﮐﺸﺖ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. درﺻﺪ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺑﻮﺗﻪ )ﺑﻌﺪ از اﺳﺘﻘﺮار ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﮔﯿﺎه(، درﺻﺪ و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﭘﻨﺠﻪ )ﺑﻌﺪ از ﭘﺎﯾﺎن ﭘﻨﺠﻪ زﻧﯽ(، اﺟﺰاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ ﺑﺎرور، وزن ﻫﺰارداﻧﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ در ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ در واﺣﺪ ﺳﻄﺢ )در زﻣﺎن ﺑﺮداﺷ(ﺖ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ.ﻧ ﺪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد در اﺳﺘﺎن آذرﺑﺎﯾﺠﺎن ﻏﺮﺑﯽ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺷﺎﻫﯿﻦ دژ( ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﺬر 150 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ را دار.د در اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎن، ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﺎﻻي ﺑﺬر ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ ﻧﮕﺮدﯾﺪ ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺻﺤﯿﺢ زراﻋﯽ از ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﺎﻻي ﺑﺬر ﮐﺎﺳﺖ.
چكيده لاتين :
Seed rate is less or more than usual and for some reasons such as coarse-grained (low-seed) cultivars,
low-tiller potential cultivars, spring cultivation, late cultivation, spraying method, heavy soils,
germination percentage Low women, etc. are used by farmers. Also, the effect of relative fluctuations
of atmospheric parameters on seed vitality, germination and other seed characteristics reduce plant
establishment at planting. For this reason, the amount of seed consumed per hectare by farmers is
more than required in barley farming and sometimes it is observed that the seed consumption per
hectare is more than 250 kg and in parts of the country up to 300 kg/ha. In this study, In addition to
investigating the possibility of reducing barley seed consumption under field cultivation conditions, as
the project is being implemented in agricultural lands, it will promote the reduction of seed
consumption by farmers themselves. The method of application was that in the field of seed
propagation contractor farmers, different amounts (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg / ha) of modified
barley seed identified, Reyhan 03 at the level of each barley seed per 1000 m 2 The form was
cultivated separately by the common method of the region. Green plant percentage (after complete
plant establishment), percentage and number of tillers (after tillering), yield components including
number of spike per m2, number of fertile spike, 1000-seed weight, number of grain per spike and
grain yield per unit area (At harvest) were evaluated. The results showed that the highest grain yield
was obtained in West Azarbaijan province (Shahin Dezh city) at 150 kg/ha. In this province, high seed
consumption not only increased grain yield but also increased production costs. According to the
results of this study, proper agronomic management can reduce the high seed consumption.
