كليدواژه :
آﻧﺰﯾﻢ ﻫﺎي آﻧﺘﯽ اﮐﺴﯿﺪاﻧﯽ , اﺟﺰاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد , ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه رﺷﺪ , ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ
چكيده فارسي :
ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﺪودﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن زراﻋﯽ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺟﻬﺎن ﺗﻨﺶ ﮐﻢ آﺑﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. از اﯾﻦ رو اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﮔﻨﺪم ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﮐﻢ آﺑﯽ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺣﺎﺋﺰ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ اﺳﺖ. در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ، ﮐﻠﺮﻣﮑﻮات ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪ و ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺳﯿﻠﯿﺲ ﺑﺮ دو رﻗﻢ ﮔﻨﺪم ﺳﯿﺮوان و ﻃﻼﯾﯽ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ آﺑﯿﺎري ﻧﺮﻣﺎل و ﻗﻄﻊ آﺑﯿﺎري اﻧﺘﻬﺎي ﻓﺼﻞ، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﺮت ﻫﺎي دو ﺑﺎر ﺧﺮدﺷﺪه در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار، ﻃﯽ ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 98- 1397در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﮐﺸﺎورزي داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺷﯿﺮاز اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ اﺛﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ )0، 0/5و 1 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﻮﻻر(، ﮐﻠﺮﻣﮑﻮات ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪ )1/5 ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﻣﺎده ﺗﺠﺎري در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر( و ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺳﯿﻠﯿﺲ )0، 1و 5 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﻮﻻر( ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﮔﻨﺪم ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻗﻄﻊ آﺑﯿﺎري از راه ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺮ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺟﺰاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد در ﮔﯿﺎه ﺷﺪ؛ اﻣﺎ ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ، ﮐﻠﺮﻣﮑﻮات ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪ و ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺳﯿﻠﯿﺲ اﺛﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري در ﺳﻄﺢ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل 5 درﺻﺪ ﺑﺮ اﺟﺰاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻫﺮ دو رﻗﻢ ﮔﻨﺪم از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ درﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدداﻧﻪ داﺷﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﯾﻦ ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ، ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺳﺎﻗﻪ، آﻧﺰﯾﻢ ﻫﺎي آﻧﺘﯽ اﮐﺴﯿﺪاﻧﯽ و ﻣﯿﺰان ﭘﺮوﻟﯿﻦ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﮐﻢ آﺑﯽ، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺳﯿﻠﯿﺲ و ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻠﺮﻣﮑﻮات ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﺑﺮ دو رﻗﻢ ﮔﻨﺪم ﺳﯿﺮوان و ﻃﻼﯾﯽ داﺷﺖ.
چكيده لاتين :
The most important limiting factor for crop yield worldwide is water deficit stress. Therefore, it is
important to increase wheat tolerance to water deficit stress. In the present study, to investigate the effect
of salicylic acid, chloromequat chloride and nano silicon on two wheat cultivars, Sirvan and Talaee, under
normal irrigation and late season irrigation cut off, a split split plot experiment was conducted in the field
in three replications, during 1397-98 growing season, at School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran. In
this experiment, the effects of salicylic acid (0, 0.5 and 1 mM), chloromaquat chloride (1.5 L / ha) and
nano silicon (0, 1 and 5 mM) on response of some physiological and morphological characteristics of
wheat were investigated. The results showed that interruption of irrigation through effect on physiological
characteristics decreased yield components of wheat plants, but salicylic acid, chloromaquat chloride and
nano silicon had significant effect at 5% probability level on yield components of both wheat cultivars
including number of grains per spike, harvest index and grain yield. These growth regulators also
significantly increased morphological and physiological traits such as leaf area, stem height, antioxidant
enzymes and proline content under stress conditions. Under drought stress, application of nano silicon
and salicylic acid had positive effect on two cultivars of Sirvan and Talaee wheat than chloromaquat
chloride.
