ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ارﻗﺎم ﺑﻪ روش ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺘﯽ ﮐﻠﺰاي ﺑﻬﺎره در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻐﺎن

Participatory Variety Selection of Spring Rapeseed Cultivars in Moghan Region

اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ارﻗﺎم ﺑﻪ روش ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺘﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻨﯽ ارﻗﺎم ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﺎ ارﻗﺎم ﻗﺪﯾﻤﯽ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت زراﻋﯽ و ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﺳﺮﯾﻊ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزان راﻫﮕﺸﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ارﻗﺎم اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ و ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ ﮐﻠﺰاي ﺑﻬﺎره در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻐﺎن، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺎ 13 رﻗﻢ ﮐﻠﺰاي ﺑﻬﺎره )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 5 رﻗﻢ آزادﮔﺮدهاﻓﺸﺎن و 8 رﻗﻢ ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪ( در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح PVS در ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ )1396-97( اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. در ﻃﻮل ﻓﺼﻞ زراﻋﯽ، از ﺻﻔﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻌﺪاد روز ﺗﺎ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﺪن، ﺗﻌﺪاد روز ﺗﺎ 4 ﺑﺮﮔﯽ، ﺗﻌﺪاد روز ﺗﺎ 8 ﺑﺮﮔﯽ، ﺗﻌﺪاد روز ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ-دﻫﯽ، ﺗﻌﺪاد روز ﺗﺎ ﺷﺮوع ﮔﻠﺪﻫﯽ، ﺗﻌﺪاد روز ﺗﺎ 20 درﺻﺪ ﮔﻠﺪﻫﯽ، ﺗﻌﺪاد روز ﺗﺎ ﺷﺮوع ﺧﻮرﺟﯿﻦدﻫﯽ، ﻃﻮل دوره رﺷﺪ، ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﯽ در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺧﻮرﺟﯿﻦ در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ در ﺧﻮرﺟﯿﻦ، وزن ﻫﺰار داﻧﻪ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ ﯾﺎدداﺷﺖ-ﺑﺮداري ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪ ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ ﻣﺎﮐﺮو ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ )144 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﻣﺘﺮ( را در ﺑﯿﻦ ارﻗﺎم ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ داﺷﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺧﻮرﺟﯿﻦ در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ )180/3(، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ در ﺧﻮرﺟﯿﻦ )19/4(، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﯽ در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ )5/1(، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ وزن ﻫﺰارداﻧﻪ )3/73 ﮔﺮم( و رﺗﺒﻪ ﯾﮏ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد )3485 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر( را در ﺑﯿﻦ ارﻗﺎم ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ داﺷﺖ. رﻗﻢ آزادﮔﺮدهاﻓﺸﺎن دﻟﮕﺎن در رﺗﺒﻪ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪﻫﺎي ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. در ﮐﻞ، ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪﻫﺎي ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ ﻣﺎﮐﺮو، آﮔﺎﻣﮑﺲ و ﺗﺮاﭘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه رﻗﻢ آزادﮔﺮدهاﻓﺸﺎن داﺧﻠﯽ دﻟﮕﺎن ﺑﺎ دارا ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻃﻮل دوره روﯾﺶ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻐﺎن ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزان ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.

Participatory selection of cultivars can be helpful in replacing new cultivars with old ones and rapidly promoting them to farmers. In order to compare the performance of Iranian and foreign spring rapeseed cultivars in Moghan, an experiment was conducted with 13 spring rapeseed cultivars (including 5 open-pollinated and 8 hybrid cultivars) in the form of PVS trial during 2017-2018 crop season. During the growing season, traits such as days to emergence, days to four leaves, days to eight leaves, days to stem formation, days to flowering, days to 20% flowering, days to pod formation, growth period, plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 1000-seed weight and seed yield were recorded. Results showed that the foreign Macro hybrid had the highest plant height (144 cm) among the cultivars compared. This hybrid also had the highest number of pods per plant (180.3), highest number of seeds per pod (19.4), highest number of branches per plant (5.1), highest 1000-seed weight (3.73 g), and first rank of seed yield (3485 kg/ha) among the cultivars compared. Open-pollinated Dalgan cultivar was ranked fifth after foreign hybrids. In general, Macro, Agamax and Trapper foreign hybrids, along with Dalgan Iranian Open-pollinated cultivar with highest seed yield and lowest growing period in Moghan, can be recommended to farmers in the region.