ﮐﻤﯽﺳﺎزي ﺧﻸ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ زراﻋﯽ در ﮔﻨﺪم

Quantification Yield gap associated with crop management in wheat

ﮔﻨﺪم ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﺎ ارزش و راﻫﺒﺮدي اﺳﺖ و ﻣﻘﺪار ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ آن ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎزرﮔﺎﻧﯽ و زﻧـﺪﮔﺎﻧﯽ ﻣـﺮدم اﺛـﺮ ﺑﮕـﺬارد. از آﻧﺠـﺎﯾﯽ ﮐـﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮه زﯾﺮ ﮐﺸﺖ ﮔﻨﺪم ﮐﻢ و ﺑﯿﺶ اﯾﺴﺘﺎ اﺳﺖ، دﺳﺖﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﺎرآوري آن ﺑﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﮐﻨﺶﻫـﺎي ﻣـﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ ﮐـﻪ در ﮐﺸـﺖزارﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮐﺸﺎورزان اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﯽﺷﻮد و ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از ﮐﻨﺶﻫﺎي ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار در ﺧﻸ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣـﺰارع و اﻧﺠـﺎم ﻣـﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮐﺸﺎورزان، ﺷﺪﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺧﻼء ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮔﻨـﺪم در ﺷﻬﺮﺳـﺘﺎن ﺷﻮﺷـﺘﺮ و ﯾـﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﮐﻨﺶﻫـﺎي ﻣـﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ ﮐﻢﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﺳﻬﻢ ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از آنﻫﺎ در ﭘﺪﯾﺪ آوردن ﺧﻼء ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد، ﯾـﮏ ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ ﻣﯿـﺪاﻧﯽ ﺑـﺮ ﭘﺎﯾـﻪ ﺗﺠﺰﯾـﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ دادهﻫـﺎي ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺷﺪه از 55 ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ آﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ ﺧﻂ ﻣﺮزي در ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 1395-96 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. دﺳﺖآورد ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸـﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮐﺸﺘﺰارﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ 3880 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﺑﻮد و ﺑﺎ ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ زراﻋﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ 8156 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ازدﯾﺎد اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﺑﺪ. ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻨﺪ و ﮐﺎو دادهﻫﺎ ، ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﮐﻨﺶﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻪدﺳـﺖ آوردن ﻋﻤﻠﮑـﺮد ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ در ﺑﺮ ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪه: 1 - ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺸﺖ در ﻣﺤﺪودهي ﻣﺮز زﻣﺎﻧﯽ 41 روز ﭘﺲ از اول آﺑﺎن، 2 - ﺗﻌﺪاد دﻓﻌﺎت ﮐﻮددﻫﯽ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 2 ﺑﺎر، 3- ﺗﻌﺪاد دﻓﻌﺎت آﺑﯿﺎري 9 ﺑﺎر ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ آب و ﻫﻮا ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي اﯾﻦ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽﺷـﻮد ﻋﻮاﻣـﻞ ﻣـﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ ﺑﯿـﺎن ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﺮﺗﺮﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺧﻼء ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد در ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺷﻮﺷﺘﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a valuable and strategic plant and its production can also affect the business and the lives of people. From there that Planting the surface below More or less it's stable, maximizing its productivity by knowing the management practices that are carried out on the farms by farmers, as well as knowing the role of each of the actions affecting the farm's void and conducting appropriate management by farmers, Is achievable. With the aim of recognizing wheat yield in Shushtar city and finding managerial actions that reduce their performance and share each of them in creating functional vacuum, a field survey based on the analysis of data collected from 55 field farms using borderline analysis in the year The crop was conducted in 2017-2018.The results showed that the average yield on the farms surveyed was 3880 Kg.ha-1 and by improving crop management, this productivity can increase to as high as 8156 Kg.ha-1. The results showed that the factors causing the yield gap were important in order of importance include Sowing data in the period of 41 days after the 1st of October, The number of Nitrogen fertilization is 2 times, Number of irrigation 9 turns depending on weather conditions Based on these findings, it is suggested that the management factors expressed as the most important management factors determining the performance gap in Shushtar city should be investigated.