ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ اﺧﺘﻼط ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶﻫﺎ و ﺣﺸﺮهﮐﺶﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ و زﯾﺴﺖ ﺗﻮده ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎيﻫﺮز ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﮔﻨﺪم دﯾﻢ

Effect of Mixing of Some Herbicides and Insecticides on the Density and Biomass of Weeds in Dryland Wheat Farm

اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﻣﮑﺎن اﺧﺘﻼط ﭼﻨﺪﯾﻦ ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ و ﺣﺸﺮهﮐﺶﻫﺎي راﯾﺞ در ﻣﺰارع ﮔﻨﺪم در روﺳﺘﺎي ﮐﺸﮑﮏ از ﺗﻮاﺑﻊ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن اﻟﯿﮕﻮدرز واﻗﻊ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻟﺮﺳﺘﺎن در دو ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 1396-97 و 1397-98 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﺧﺘﻼط ﭘﻨﺞ ﻧﻮع ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ و دو ﻧﻮع ﺣﺸﺮهﮐﺶ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﮑﺮار ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ دو ﺳﺎل ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﺧﺘﻼط ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶﻫﺎ و آﻓﺖﮐﺶ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎيﻫﺮز ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري داﺷﺖ. در ﺳﺎل اول آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮐﻞ ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎيﻫﺮز ﭘﺲ از ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﻋﺎري از ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺮز )100 درﺻﺪ( در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺗﺎﭘﯿﮏ + ﯾﻮ 46 ﮐﻤﺒﯽ ﻓﻠﻮﺋﯿﺪ )42/36 %( ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑﺎ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺗﺎﭘﯿﮏ + ﯾﻮ 46 ﮐﻤﺒﯽ ﻓﻠﻮﺋﯿﺪ + ﺣﺸﺮهﮐﺶ دﻟﺘﺎﻣﺘﺮﯾﻦ )38/19 %( ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد از اﺧﺘﻼط ﺣﺸﺮهﮐﺶ دﻟﺘﺎﻣﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺸﯽ آﮐﺴﯿﺎل + ﮔﺮاﻧﺴﺘﺎر، و ﻫﻤﯿﻨﻄﻮر اﺧﺘﻼط ﺣﺸﺮهﮐﺶ ﻓﻨﯿﺘﺮوﺗﯿﻮن ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺸﯽ ﺗﺎﭘﯿﮏ + ﺗﻮﻓﻮردي و امﺳﯽﭘﯽآ اﺟﺘﻨﺎب ﺷﻮد. اﺛﺮ ﻫﻢاﻓﺰاﯾﯽ در اﺧﺘﻼط ﺣﺸﺮهﮐﺶ دﻟﺘﺎﻣﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ ﺗﺎﭘﯿﮏ + ﺑﺮوﻣﺎﯾﺴﯿﺪامآ و اﺧﺘﻼط ﺣﺸﺮه ﮐﺶ ﻓﻨﯿﺘﺮوﺗﯿﻮن ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺸﯽ ﺗﺎﭘﯿﮏ + ﮔﺮاﻧﺴﺘﺎر و ﺗﺎﭘﯿﮏ ﺑﺮوﻣﺎﯾﺴﯿﺪامآ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺣﺎﯾﺰ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ اﺳﺖ. ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ در ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت آﯾﻨﺪه ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ اﺧﺘﻼط ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ و آﻓﺖﮐﺶ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻦ ﮔﻨﺪم )Eurygaster integriceps( ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد.

This experiment was carried out to investigate the possibility of mixing several herbicides and insecticides in Kaskak village, Aligoodarz city, Lorestan province during the 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 growing seasons. Different mixing pesticide treatments including five herbicides and two insecticides were studied in a completely randomized block design with four replications. The results of two years were different. The results showed that mixing of herbicides and insecticides had significant effect on weeds. In the first year of experiment, the largest reduction in the total number of weeds was obtained in weed free treatment (100%) followed by herbicide mixing treatment of topic + U 46 Combi Fluid (42.36%), where no significant differences were observed between this treatment and herbicide-insecticide mixing treatment of topic + U 46 Combi Fluid + deltametrin (38.19 %). Due to the observed antagonistic effects, it is recommended to avoid the mixing of deltamethrin with the combination of axial + granstar, as well as the mixing of fenitrothion with the combination of topic + 2,4,D and MCPA. The synergistic effect of mixing deltamethrin with topic + bromicid MA combination and fenitrothion with topic + granstar and topic + bromicid MA were also detected. In the future research, it is suggested to investigate the effect of mixing of herbicides and pesticides on wheat sunn pest (Eurygaster integriceps).